The Impact of Oral Cannabis Administration and Co-Administration of Alcohol on Impairment

Acute cognitive and behavioral impairment will be assessed with global impairment score(range 0-100) on the DRUID app (higher scores indicate greater impairment).

Computerized version of Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task will be administered to assess working memory performance. Will report the total correct trials out of 90 recorded (lower scores indicate worse performance).

Computerized version of Digit Symbol Substitution Task will be administered to assess psychomotor performance. Will report the total correct trials in 90 seconds (lower scores indicate worse performance).

Impairment will be assessed using a battery of standard field sobriety tests including: the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Test (HGN), the Walk and Turn, the One Leg Stand, and the Modified Romberg Balance. We will report the cumulative amount of clues observed across these tasks (out of a possible 22 clues).

The DEQ will be used to obtain subjective ratings of "feel drug effects". Score range from 0 (none) to 100 (extreme) using a 100mm line anchored with none/extreme designation.

The DEQ will be used to obtain subjective ratings of "feel high". Score range from 0 (none) to 100 (extreme) using a 100mm line anchored with none/extreme designation.

The DEQ will be used to obtain subjective ratings of "confidence to drive". Score range from 0 (none) to 100 (extreme) using a 100mm line anchored with none/extreme designation.

The DEQ will be used to obtain subjective ratings of "willingness to drive". Score range from 0 (none) to 100 (extreme) using a 100mm line anchored with none/extreme designation.

The BAES is used to assess sedative and stimulant subjective effects of alcohol. There are 7 sedative-related questionnaire items, each presented on a scale of 0 (not at all) to 10 (extremely), which are integrated to produce an overall sedative score (0-70).

The BAES is used to assess sedative and stimulant subjective effects of alcohol. There are 7 stimulant-related questionnaire items, each presented on a scale of 0 (not at all) to 10 (extremely), which are integrated to produce an overall stimulant score (0-70).

For the SHAS, participants are presented with 13 questionnaire items, displayed on a visual analog scale anchored from 0 (normal) to 10 (extremely), which assess subjective effects of alcohol. These items are integrated to produce an overall SHAS score (0-130)

The STISIM Drive® M4000-R Console system will be used to assess driving performance, a state-of-the-art technology that has been independently validated to reflect real-world driving conditions. SDLP (measured in cm) will be determined during each drive. This measure is a composite index of lateral control and incorporates lane weaving, swerving, and over-correcting. SDLP is the gold standard of quantifying the magnitude of driving impairment from drugs and alcohol and has excellent predictive validity to actual driving. Scores range from 0 to no upper limit. Higher scores represent higher magnitude of driving impairment.

Driving impairment will be assessed via a composite drive score (higher scores indicate greater impairment). The composite drive score is derived by integrating various driving outcomes (see primary and secondary driving outcomes). There is no upper or lower limit to possible scores

The STISIM Drive® M4000-R Console system will be used to assess driving performance, a state-of-the-art technology that has been independently validated to reflect real-world driving conditions. SDSP will be determined during each drive; this measure quantifies the variability in speed (in MPH) observed.

The STISIM Drive® M4000-R Console system will be used to assess driving performance, a state-of-the-art technology that has been independently validated to reflect real-world driving conditions. Mean speed (in MPH) over the course of each drive will be determined.

The STISIM Drive® M4000-R Console system will be used to assess driving performance, a state-of-the-art technology that has been independently validated to reflect real-world driving conditions. The cumulative number of times participants exceed the allowable speed limit during each drive.

The STISIM Drive® M4000-R Console system will be used to assess driving performance, a state-of-the-art technology that has been independently validated to reflect real-world driving conditions. The cumulative number of accidents (including car collisions, pedestrians hit, etc.) during each drive.

The STISIM Drive® M4000-R Console system will be used to assess driving performance, a state-of-the-art technology that has been independently validated to reflect real-world driving conditions. The cumulative number of rule violations (including number of missed stop signs, illegal turns, speed exceedances, etc.) during each drive.

The STISIM Drive® M4000-R Console system will be used to assess driving performance, a state-of-the-art technology that has been independently validated to reflect real-world driving conditions. The mean distance (in meters) maintained to lead vehicles during car-following segments of each drive.

Computerized version of Digit Symbol Substitution Task will be administered to assess psychomotor performance. The number of attempted trials will be recorded

Computerized version of Digit Symbol Substitution Task will be administered to assess psychomotor performance. Percentage of correct trials out of those attempted will be recorded

Computerized version of Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task will be administered to assess working memory performance. The mean reaction time (in milliseconds) to select correct responses will be recorded.

Impairment will be assessed using performance on the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Test (HGN). Total score will be recorded (out of possible 6 clues) with higher scores indicating higher impairment.

Impairment will be assessed using performance on the the Walk and Turn. Total score will be recorded (out of a possible 8 clues) with higher scores indicating higher impairment.

Impairment will be assessed using performance on the One Leg Stand test. Total score will be recorded (out of a possible 4 clues) with higher scores indicating higher impairment.

Impairment will be assessed using performance on the Modified Romberg Balance test. Total score will be recorded (out of a possible 4 clues) with higher scores indicating higher impairment.

The DEQ will be used to obtain subjective ratings of "like drug effect". Score range from 0 (none) to 100 (extreme) using a 100mm line anchored with none/extreme designation.

The DEQ will be used to obtain subjective ratings of "want more". Score range from 0 (none) to 100 (extreme) using a 100mm line anchored with none/extreme designation.

The DEQ will be used to obtain subjective ratings of "dislike drug effect". Score range from 0 (none) to 100 (extreme) using a 100mm line anchored with none/extreme designation.

Whole blood concentrations of THC, 11-OH- THC, and THCCOOH will be measured using quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) analysis. The maximum concentration (Cmax) is determined as the highest concentration reached for each individual. Characterizing these cannabinoids will allow for adequate control for individual differences in drug absorption and metabolism in statistical analyses and assist with interpretation of subjective and behavioral outcomes.

Whole blood concentrations of THC, 11-OH- THC, and THCCOOH will be measured using quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) is calculated across all timepoints, minus the baseline. Characterizing these cannabinoids will allow for adequate control for individual differences in drug absorption and metabolism in statistical analyses and assist with interpretation of subjective and behavioral outcomes.

BAC will be measured using the Alco-Sensor IV. Measuring BAC is needed to confirm that participants reached the targeted BAC for a given session and to confirm adherence to pre-session alcohol abstinence requirements.