The Immediate Effect of Mobilisation With Movement in Amateur Futsal Athletes With Chronic Ankle Instability

Inclusion criteria

• A history of at least one significative ankle sprain:

• Initial sprain must have occurred at least 12 months prior to study enrolment;
• Was associated with inflammatory symptoms;
• Created at least one interrupted day of desired physical activity;
• The most recent injury must have occurred more than 3 months prior to study enrolment.
• A history of the previously injured ankle joint "giving way" and/or recurrent sprain and/or "feelings of instability":

• Participants should report at least two episodes of "giving way" in the 12 months prior to study enrolment, to account for the seasonal nature of futsal;
• Recurrent sprain was defined as two or more sprains to the same ankle.
• Self-reported ankle instability should be confirmed with the Ankle Instability Instrument: answer "yes" to at least 5 yes/no questions.

Exclusion criteria

• A history of previous surgeries to the musculoskeletal structures (i.e., bones, joint structures, nerves) in either lower extremity.
• A history of bilateral ankle sprain.
• A history of a fracture in either lower extremity requiring realignment.
• Acute injury to musculoskeletal structures of other joints of the lower extremity in the previous 3 months that impacted joint integrity and function (i.e., sprains, fractures), resulting in at least one interrupted day of desired physical activity.
• Have conditions for which manual therapy is generally contraindicated (such as the presence of a tumour, fracture, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, prolonged history of steroid use, or severe vascular disease).
• Receiving concurrent physiotherapy treatment in the last 3 months.
• Inability to read Portuguese.