The Enteric Nervous System in Spinal Cord Injury: Study of the Enteric Nervous System and the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Via Colonic Biopsies in Spinal Cord Injury Patients

Injury to the spinal cord, whether traumatic or not, leads to numerous organ deficiencies, particularly vegetative deficiencies. Digestive and anorectal dysfunctions are among these, and are the main deficiencies that spinal cord injury patients would like to see disappear, even before motor recovery or walking, for example. However, the treatments available are essentially empirical (dietary hygiene rules, use of laxatives, digital exoneration maneuvers) and only partially effective.

Pathophysiological knowledge of digestive dysfunction in the medullo-injured is mainly focused on dysfunctions of extrinsic vegetative innervation. In contrast, there are few studies concerning the dysfunction of intrinsic digestive innervation in this pathology, i.e. the enteric nervous system (ENS), and the intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB), which are central players involved in the digestive disorders observed during the course of numerous digestive or extra-digestive pathologies, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD) in particular.

To date, the nature of ENS/EIB remodeling has not been correlated with clinical data, in order to potentially link it to a clinical phenotype of these patients, and to determine their capacity to become predictive biomarkers of disease progression, severity and/or response to treatment. By combining functional exploration of the intestinal barrier, protein and transcriptomic analysis of biopsies, the aim is to 1) characterize functional (permeability, serotonin production), proteomic and transcriptomic remodeling of the mucosa in SCI patients compared with control groups, 2) make the link with patients' clinical data, 3) identify markers of disease severity (lesion level, severity of intestinal dysfunction) and 4) identify therapeutic targets that could be tested in the animal model before being proposed in clinical trials.

Inclusion criteria

for patient with spinal cord injury:

Patient with signed consent Patient over 18 and under 80 years of age Patient with acquired traumatic or non-traumatic spinal cord injury Patient with an indication for colonoscopy or rectosigmoidoscopy at the Nantes University Hospital Gastroenterology Department Eligible for French social security Patient enrolled in the COSCINUS cohort

Inclusion criteria

for control group:

Subject with signed consent Subject over 18 and under 80 years of age Subject free of any neurological pathology, with an indication for screening or preventive colonoscopy in the context of a personal or family history of polyps, or familial colon cancer, in the gastroenterology department of the Nantes University Hospital.

Exclusion criteria

for patients with spinal cord injury:

Patients in emergency situations, deprived of liberty, or not covered by the social security system Patient under legal protection Patient suffering from an inflammatory digestive disease Patient on anticoagulant therapy with no possibility of discontinuation or relay Patient with contraindications to colonoscopy/rectosigmoidoscopy Pregnant or breast-feeding patient

Exclusion criteria

for control group:

Treatment with anticoagulants Treatment with antiaggregants Subject with a coagulation disorder Subject having finally an abnormal colonoscopy (discovery of any pathology other than one or more benign polyps)