The Elders' Resilience Curriculum

11 self-report items from the Reasons for Life scale, measures beliefs and experiences that make youth feel like life is enjoyable, worthwhile, and meaningful. Responses range from 1 (not at all) to 3 (a lot) with higher scores indicating more reasons for life. Total scores range from 11-33 with higher scores indicating more reasons for life. Change was calculated from the difference between endline and baseline responses.

The Cultural Connectedness Scale-short version is a 9-item self-report measure that assesses connection to cultural identity, traditions, and spirituality among First Nations youth. Responses vary - five questions are yes/no, three questions range from 0 (disagree) to 1 (agree) and the last question ask about frequency, ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (every day). Higher agreement (i.e., "yes" or "agree" responses) indicate greater levels of cultural connectedness. Total scores range from 0-12 with higher scores indicating greater levels of cultural connectedness. Change was calculated from the difference between endline and baseline responses.

The Awareness of Connectedness Scale is a 12-item self-report measure that evaluates awareness of connection with self, family, community, and the natural environment. Responses range from 0 (not at all) to 2 (a lot) with higher scores representing greater levels of awareness of connectedness. Total scores range from 0-24 with higher scores representing greater levels of awareness of connectedness. Change was calculated from the difference between endline and baseline responses.