The Efficacy of Nurse-driven, Protocol Guided Ventilator Weaning in a Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit (ICU)

Ventilatory support is one of the most common indications for admission to ICU (1).

The duration of mechanical ventilation is associated with several serious complications, increase mortality, prolong ICU stay, and increase hospital cost (7,8).

Traditionally, the process of ventilator weaning is initiated and carried out my physicians.

Recently, there have been few studies that supported the utility of protocol guided weaning algorithms. Its use have been associated with earlier initiation of weaning, leading to shorter ventilator time, and a trend for shorter ICU length-of-stay and lower hospital costs (1,2,4,9) Several studies have also shown the relative safety of utilizing nursing (3) and RT staff alone or in cooperation with medical staff in the weaning of patients from mechanical ventilation (1,2,6).

We recently developed a nurse-driven ventilator weaning protocol for all ICUs at St. Luke's and Roosevelt hospitals. The protocol was approved by the Critical Care Committee and is implemented as of May 2007. All ICU nurses, respiratory therapists, and ICU physicians have been educated on this protocol We plan to prospectively collect data to look at length of stay on mechanical ventilation in patients weaned by nurse-driven ventilator weaning protocol. We plan to compare such data to retrospectively collected ventilator LOS data in patients weaned by physician-initiated ventilator weaning method.

Inclusion criteria

• Receiving MV for at least 24 hours in the ICU
• Meeting established protocol criteria for a vent wean trial

Exclusion criteria

• Patients in whom MV was actively withdrawn for terminal wean
• Brain dead patients on MV
• Age <18 years old
• Transfers from other hospitals or health care facility who were ventilator dependent