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Completed

NCT Number: NCT03161782

The Efficacy of Different Types of Stretching on Range of Motion, Pain and Function in Elbow Limitation

The aim of the study is to compare the efficacy of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) stretching and static stretching on range of motion (ROM), pain and function in elbow limitation.

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Key information

Conditions

Postoperative Pain Arm Injuries Behavior Elbow Fracture Elbow Fractures Elbow Injuries Fractures, Bone Motor Activity Neurologic Manifestations Pain Pain, Postoperative Pathologic Processes Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Postoperative Complications Signs and Symptoms Stiffness of Elbow, Not Elsewhere Classified Wounds and Injuries

Age range

18 year–65 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Istanbul University

Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

To compare the efficacy of PNF stretching and static stretching on ROM, pain and function in elbow limitation, forty voluntary patients with elbow limitation, aged between 18-55 years will be randomly divided into two groups: PNF Stretching group and Static Stretching group. PNF stretching will be combined with exercise and cold application in PNF Stretching group, static stretching will be combined with exercise and cold application in Static Stretching group, will be applied for 12 sessions. The patients will be assessed before and after six-week treatment. The pain on activity, at rest and at night will be assessed with Visual Analog Scale (VAS). ROM will be assesed with universal goniometer. The functional status will be evaluated by Disabilities Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH). Kinesiophobia and quality of life will be assessed with Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia and Short Form-12, respectively. The Global Rating of Change will be used to evaluate patient satisfaction.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Subjectswill be included with

  • Aged between 18 and 65 years
  • Elbow fracture in the six months before the study
  • Elbow limitation in flexion or extension
  • Being volunteer to participate
  • Fractures should be managed with conservatively or surgically

Exclusion criteria

  • Malunion or Nonunion Fracture
  • Occurrence of complex regional pain syndrome, peripheric nerve injury, heterotopic ossification, myositis ossification or post-traumatic ankylosing
  • Non-healing wound or infection
  • Previously received physiotherapy for elbow limitation
  • Having any cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, rheumatic diseases or psychiatric diseases
  • Could not adjust to treatment

Treatment and study plan

PNF Stretching

Other

For hold-relax stretching, each subject in PNF Stretching group will be comfortably positioned in a supine lying position, and patient will move the joint to the end of the passive or pain-free ROM. The therapist will ask for an isometric contraction of the restricting muscle or pattern (antagonists) with emphasis on rotation. The patients will be asked to perform submaximal isometric contractions of the target muscle for 10 seconds. After the contraction, the patients will be instructed to relax for 5 seconds. The joint will be repositioned actively to the new limit of range, and then therapist will passively control the new ROM. The procedure will be repeated 10 times with 10 seconds of rest between two successive trials. Patients will be treated 2 times per week for 6 weeks.

Static Stretching

Other

For static stretching, each subject in Static Stretching group will be comfortably positioned in a supine lying position, and the stretching of target muscle will be maintained for 20 seconds followed by 10 seconds of rest. The procedure will be repeated 10 times with 10 seconds of rest between two successive trials. Patients will be treated 2 times per week for 6 weeks.

Exercise

Other

Shoulder, elbow and wrist AROM exercises. Elbow flexion and extansion self-stretching exercises Elbow and wrist strengthening exercises Proprioception exercises for elbow. Grip strengthening exercises.

Cold Therapy

Other

Cold therapy will be applied over the elbow for 15 minutes in the form of cold pack after stretching and exercise protocol.

Primary outcomes

  1. Functional Status

    Time frame: After the six-week intervention

    The functional status of the patients will be evaluated by The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH).

Secondary outcomes

  1. Active Range of Motion (AROM) Assessment

    Time frame: Baseline

    The elbow's and forearm's AROM, including flexion, extansion, supination, pronation will be measured described by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) using a universal goniometer. The process will be repeated three times in each direction, with the the average value recorded.

  2. Active Range of Motion (AROM) Assessment

    Time frame: After the six-week intervention

    The elbow's and forearm's AROM, including flexion, extansion, supination, pronation will be measured described by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) using a universal goniometer. The process will be repeated three times in each direction, with the the average value recorded.

  3. Active Range of Motion (AROM) Assessment

    Time frame: 1-month follow up

    The elbow's and forearm's AROM, including flexion, extansion, supination, pronation will be measured described by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) using a universal goniometer. The process will be repeated three times in each direction, with the the average value recorded.

  4. Functional Status

    Time frame: Baseline

    The functional status of the patients will be evaluated by The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH).

  5. Functional Status

    Time frame: 1-month follow up

    The functional status of the patients will be evaluated by The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH).

  6. Pain Intensity

    Time frame: Baseline

    Pain intensity of the patients at rest, during activity, and at night will be assessed by Visual Analog Scale.

  7. Pain Intensity

    Time frame: After the six-week intervention

    Pain intensity of the patients at rest, during activity, and at night will be assessed by Visual Analog Scale.

  8. Pain Intensity

    Time frame: 1-month follow up

    Pain intensity of the patients at rest, during activity, and at night will be assessed by Visual Analog Scale.

Other outcomes

  1. Quality of Life

    Time frame: Baseline

    Quality of life of the patients will be assessed by Short Form-12.

  2. Quality of Life

    Time frame: After the six-week intervention

    Quality of life of the patients will be assessed by Short Form-12.

  3. Quality of Life

    Time frame: 1-month follow up

    Quality of life of the patients will be assessed by Short Form-12.

  4. Fear of movement (kinesiophobia)

    Time frame: Baseline

    Kinesiophobia of the patients will be assessed by Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale.

  5. Fear of movement (kinesiophobia)

    Time frame: After the six-week intervention

    Kinesiophobia of the patients will be assessed by Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale.

  6. Fear of movement (kinesiophobia)

    Time frame: 1-month follow up

    Kinesiophobia of the patients will be assessed by Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale.

  7. Patient Satisfaction

    Time frame: After the six-week intervention

    Patient Satisfaction will be assessed with Global Rating of Change Scale.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Istanbul University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Efficacy of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching and Static Stretching on Range of Motion, Pain and Function in Elbow Limitation

Important dates

Study start
2017
Primary completion
2017
Study completion
2017
First posted
May 22, 2017
Registry last updated
Feb 23, 2018

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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