This study is designed as a randomized controlled trial investigating the effectiveness of combining electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) with body awareness-based exercises in individuals with non-specific low back pain. The study will be conducted in an outpatient physiotherapy setting and will include adult participants diagnosed with non-specific low back pain according to clinical criteria.
Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups: an experimental group receiving EMS-assisted body awareness exercises and a control group receiving body awareness exercises alone. Both groups will participate in a structured rehabilitation program focusing on posture, movement quality, breathing, and proprioceptive awareness. The intervention will be delivered by trained physiotherapists under standardized conditions.
Electrical muscle stimulation will be applied to the lumbar and related trunk muscles during selected exercise components in the experimental group, with stimulation parameters adjusted according to participant tolerance and safety guidelines. The control group will perform the same exercise protocol without EMS application.
Primary outcomes will include pain intensity and functional disability, assessed using validated self-report questionnaires. Secondary outcomes will include body awareness levels and movement-related functional measures. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and after completion of the intervention period.
This study aims to determine whether the integration of EMS into a body awareness-based rehabilitation program provides additional benefits in pain reduction, functional improvement, and body awareness compared to body awareness exercises alone in individuals with non-specific low back pain.