The Effect of Occupational Therapy on Subthreshold Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

The Sensory Profile is a 125-item questionnaire filled out by the caregiver that describe responses to sensory events in daily life. It is a 5-point Likert scale how frequently the child uses that response to particular sensory events. This instrument evaluates the possible effects of sensory processing to a child's performance.

The K-SADS-PL is a semi-structured interview scale, which is widely used and enables evaluation in 20 different diagnostic domains.

The Conner's parent rating scale-revised: short form (CPRS-R:S): This standard measure is used as a diagnostic tool of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. It consists of 27 items, each rated on a 4-point Likert scale (0=not true at all to 3=very much true). It has four subscales which are oppositional, hyperactivity, cognitive problems and ADHD index.

Conners' Teacher Rating Scale- revised: short form (CTRS-R:S): This is a commonly used measure of behavioral problems associated with ADHD, which originally was developed as a measure of behavioral change for pharmacological studies. It is also 28 items (sixteen overlap with the original short-form). The CTRS-R:S has three scales which are Oppositional, Cognitive Problems/Inattention, and Hyperactivity.

The Canadian Occupational Performance measure (COPM) is an outcome measure and semi-structured interview. It is a measure for identify goals in the areas of self-care, productivity and leisure/play that they have difficulty performing. In this study, each child selected three to five goals, and then parents and children rated performance and satisfaction on all goals using a 10-point scale. Changes in scores on baseline and end of therapy are determined separately. An increase of two or more points indicates clinically significant change.

The CGI scale was developed for use in clinical trials to provide a brief assessment of the clinician's view of the patient's functioning. The CGI has two components-the CGI-Severity (CGI-S), which rates illness severity (1=normal, not at all ill; 2=borderline mentally ill; 3=mildly ill; 4=moderately ill; 5=markedly ill; 6=severely ill; 7=among the most extremely ill) and the CGI-Improvement(CGI-I) (1=very much improved; 2=much improved; 3=minimally improved; 4=no change from baseline; 5=minimally worse; 6= much worse; 7=very much worse) which rates change from the initiation of treatment.