The Effect of Monocyte Values Accompanied by Lymphopenia on the Prognosis of Patients Diagnosed With COVID-19

Recent studies have shown that lymphopenia with cytokine storm syndrome is frequently found in COVID-19 patients. These features may suggest that the modified immune system plays a key role in determining disease progression. Lymphopenia or lymphocytopenia is a condition in which the number of lymphocytes in the blood is low. Although T cells can be increased at the onset of COVID-19, these patients tend to have low lymphocyte counts, which is associated with increased COVID-19 severity. Thus, individuals who died of COVID-19 have been shown to have significantly lower lymphocyte levels than survivors. There is evidence that myeloid cells play a role in the pathophysiology of coronavirus infection, either directly as virus targets or indirectly as effectors of cytokine release syndrome. Monocytes are innate hematopoietic cells that maintain vascular homeostasis and provide early responses to pathogens during acute infections. The role of monocytes and macrophages in the resolution of inflammation has also been emphasized as an important component of the response to SARS-CoV-2. Accordingly, it was investigated whether the change observed in blood monocyte levels was an effective parameter in the prognosis process in Covid-19 cases with lymphopenia, considering that monocyte levels could be useful as a guide in the course of the disease.

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Key information

Conditions

COVID 19 COVID-19 Coronaviridae Infections Coronavirus Infections Infections Lung Diseases Lymphopenia Due to COVID-19 Monocyte Nidovirales Infections Pneumonia Pneumonia, Viral RNA Virus Infections Respiratory Tract Diseases Respiratory Tract Infections Virus Diseases

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital

Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Patients over the age of 18
Male and female of both genders
Admitted to the intensive care unit
Diagnosed with Covid-19 with lymphopenia
Patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests performed on nasopharyngeal swab samples

Exclusion criteria

Those with a negative PCR test
Aged 18 and under

Treatment and study plan

Primary outcomes

prognostic course, rate of mortality

Time frame: through study completion, an average of 5 month

The parameters examined will be survival and exitus status, age, weight in kilograms, height in centimeters, weight and height will be combined to report BMI in kg/m^2, gender, presence of additional disease, ferritin, D-dimer, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, procalcitonin, fibrinogen, hemoglobin, leukocyte, platelet, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, monocyte, lymphocyte levels measured during admission to the intensive care unit. Lymphocyte-monocyte ratio, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio will be obtained from the detected data. The existing O2 requirement at admission to the intensive care unit was recorded retrospectively as fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2) value, the source of oxygen support and the existing Covid-19 treatment. The hemodialysis, vasopressor and intubation requirement that developed during the hospitalization and the exitus status during hospitalization were evaluated.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start: 2020
Primary completion: 2020
Study completion: 2020
First posted: May 13, 2025
Registry last updated: May 15, 2025

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This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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