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NCT Number: NCT06983886

The Effect of Local Infiltration of Tranexamic Acid on Postoperative Blood Loss in Orthognathic Surgery

The effect of local infiltration of tranexamic acid in orthognathic surgery remains unclear. This study was conducted to evaluate the difference in postoperative blood loss, measured by surgical drain output, following orthognathic surgery. The investigation involved a within-subject comparison, where each side of the mandible received a different local anesthetic solution: one side was infiltrated with a mixture of lidocaine with adrenaline and tranexamic acid, while the other side received lidocaine with adrenaline and normal saline.

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Key information

Age range

18 year–50 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Phase 1 / Phase 2

Primary location

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University

Bangkok, 10400, Thailand

Location contact

Chanokchon Kongkergkiat, MD

CONTACT

[email protected]

+6622011315 ext. 242

Chanokchon Kongkergkiat, MD

PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Kachin Wattanawong, MD, RCST

CONTACT

[email protected]

+6622011315 ext. 242

Kachin Wattanawong, MD, RCST

SUB_INVESTIGATOR

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients aged 18-50 years
  • undergoing orthognathic surgery (Bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomies (BSSRO), with or without Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy)
  • ASA physical status I-II

Exclusion criteria

  • Genioplasty in the operation
  • History of allergy to tranexamic acid
  • History of thromboembolic disorders
  • Use of medications affecting blood coagulation (antiplatelet or anticoagulants) within the past 2 weeks
  • History of cerebrovascular disease
  • Pregnant or breastfeeding women

Treatment and study plan

Tranexamic Acid

Drug

A local anesthetic solution was prepared by mixing 10 ml of 1% lidocaine with adrenaline (1:100,000) and 5 ml of tranexamic acid (50 mg/ml), resulting in a total volume of 15 ml. The solution was injected at the planned mandibular osteotomy sites on both the medial and lateral aspects of the ramus of the mandible. The injection was administered after completion of general anesthesia, followed by a 5-minute waiting period to allow the anesthetic to take effect before the surgical incision was made.

Normal Saline Solution (NSS)

Drug

A local anesthetic solution was prepared by mixing 10 ml of 1% lidocaine with adrenaline (1:100,000) and 5 ml of normal saline (NSS), resulting in a total volume of 15 ml. The solution was injected at the planned mandibular osteotomy sites on both the medial and lateral aspects of the ramus of the mandible. The injection was administered after the induction of general anesthesia, followed by a 5-minute waiting period to allow the anesthetic to take effect before making the surgical incision.

Lidocaine (drug)

Drug

A local anesthetic solution was prepared by mixing 10 ml of 1% lidocaine with adrenaline (1:100,000) and 5 ml of normal saline (NSS) or 5 ml of tranexamic acid (50 mg/ml) depends on allocated group, resulting in a total volume of 15 ml. The solution was injected at the planned mandibular osteotomy sites on both the medial and lateral aspects of the ramus of the mandible. The injection was administered after the induction of general anesthesia, followed by a 5-minute waiting period to allow the anesthetic to take effect before making the surgical incision.

Primary outcomes

  1. Postoperative blood loss

    Time frame: 24 hours and 48 hours after the end of intervention

    Amount of surgical drain output

Secondary outcomes

  1. Postoperative pain score

    Time frame: 24 hours and 48 hours after the end of intervention

    Visual analog scale (0-10) 0 = no pain, 10 = the worst pain

  2. Postoperative edema

    Time frame: At 48 hours and 1 week after the end of intervention

    Standardized frontal facial photographs to determine whether the left side, right side, or both sides were equally swollen. The evaluation was performed by 3 independent assessors.

  3. Surgical filed visibility

    Time frame: Intraoperatively

    Fromme-Boezaart scale 0 = No bleeding (cadaveric conditions)

    • = Slight bleeding - no suction required
    • = Slight bleeding - occasional suctioning required
    • = Slight bleeding - frequent suctioning required; bleeding threatens surgical field a few seconds after suction is removed
    • = Moderate bleeding - frequent suctioning required and bleeding threatens surgical field directly after suction is removed
    • = Severe bleeding - constant suctioning required; bleeding appears faster than can be removed by suction; surgical field severely
  4. Headaches (Adverse events of tranexamic acid)

    Time frame: within one week after end of the intervention

    Patient reported outcome using a questionnaire interview And clinical examination (0=no,1=yes)

  5. Nausea vomiting (Adverse events of tranexamic acid)

    Time frame: within one week after end of the intervention

    Patient reported outcome using a questionnaire interview And clinical examination (0=no,1=yes)

  6. Seizure (Adverse events of tranexamic acid)

    Time frame: within one week after end of the intervention

    Patient reported outcome using a questionnaire interview And clinical examination (0=no,1=yes)

  7. Thromboembolic events (Adverse events of tranexamic acid)

    Time frame: within one week after end of the intervention

    Patient reported outcome using a questionnaire interview And clinical examination (0=none,1=DVT,2=Stroke,3=MI)

  8. Drug allergy (Adverse events of tranexamic acid)

    Time frame: within one week after end of the intervention

    Patient reported outcome using a questionnaire interview And clinical examination (0=no,1=yes : urticaria, MP rash, anaphylaxis)

  9. Local irritation

    Time frame: within one week after end of the intervention

    Patient reported outcome using a questionnaire interview And clinical examination (0=no,1=yes : rash, erythema, itching)

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Chanokchon Kongkergkiat, MD

CONTACT

[email protected]

+6622011315 ext. 242

Kachin Wattanawong, MD, RCST

CONTACT

[email protected]

+6622011315 ext. 242

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Ramathibodi Hospital

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Effect of Local Infiltration of Tranexamic Acid on Postoperative Blood Loss in Orthognathic Surgery : A Randomized Controlled Trial

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
May 21, 2025
Registry last updated
May 21, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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