The Effect of Laughter Yoga on Pain, Fatigue, and General Well-Being in Cancer Patients and Their Caregivers

Laughter yoga is a complementary mind-body practice that combines unconditional laughter with breathing techniques. It has been shown to reduce stress, improve mood, and promote psychological and physiological well-being. This randomized controlled trial will assess the effectiveness of a 6-session laughter yoga program on reducing pain and fatigue and enhancing general well-being in cancer patients and their caregivers. Participants in the experimental group will attend three sessions per week for two weeks, each lasting approximately 30-40 minutes. Outcomes will be measured before and after the intervention using validated scales.

Pain will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), which measures pain intensity on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain).

Fatigue will be measured using the Visual Analogue Scale for Fatigue (VAS-F), a validated instrument that evaluates the intensity of fatigue and its impact on daily activities.

The General Well-Being Scale is a self-report instrument used to assess an individual's overall psychological well-being.he scale includes items related to mood, emotional state, and general life satisfaction. It is typically measured using a Likert-type format, where participants rate the frequency and intensity of their feelings or experiences on a scale (e.g., from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree").

These validated scales will be administered at baseline (before the intervention) and at the end of the intervention (after the 6 sessions) to assess changes in the primary outcomes of pain, fatigue, and general well-being.

Inclusion criteria

• Individuals who volunteer to participate in the study

Exclusion criteria

• having asthma or COPD
• being under 18 or over 65 years of age, and having any health condition or disability that impairs communication (such as visual or hearing impairments, or neurological or psychiatric disorders).