The Effect of Dehydration on Intestinal Permeability

Inclusion criteria

• Written informed consent prior to any study related procedures
• Age > 18 till <50
• Willing to abstain from probiotic products or medications known to alter gastrointestinal function throughout the study

Exclusion criteria

• Abdominal surgery which might influence gastrointestinal function, except appendectomy and cholecystectomy.
• Current diagnosis of hypertension.
• Current diagnosis of psychiatric disease.
• Over 100kg or with a BMI over 35.
• Systemic use of steroids in the last 6 weeks.
• Use of antibiotics or antimicrobial medication in the last month.
• Daily usage of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the last 2 months or incidental use in the last 2 weeks prior to screening.
• Usage of medications that could affect the barrier function, except oral contraceptives, during the 14 days prior to screening.
• Diagnosed inflammatory gastrointestinal disease.
• Known organic gastrointestinal disease (e.g. irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic diarrhoea or constipation).
• History of or present gastrointestinal malignancy or polyposis.
• Recent (gastrointestinal) infection (within last 6 months).
• Eosinophilic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Current communicable disease (e.g. upper respiratory tract infection).
• Malignant disease and /or patients who are receiving systemic anti-neoplastic agents).
• Chronic neurological/neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis).
• Autoimmune disease and/or patients receiving immunosuppressive medications.
• Major relevant allergies (e.g. food allergy, multiple allergies).
• Chronic pain syndromes (e.g. fibromyalgia)
• Chronic fatigue syndrome
• Regular use of probiotics in the last 6 weeks.
• Smoking and/or chewable tobacco.
• Planned changes to current diet or exercise regime.
• Use of laxatives, anti-diarrhetics, anti-cholinergics within last 4 weeks prior to screening.
• Use of immunosuppressant drugs within last 4 weeks prior to screening.
• Women: Pregnancy, lactation.
• Abuse of alcohol or drugs.
• Any disease/condition which in the investigator's opinion could interfere with the intestinal barrier function.
• Any clinically significant disease/condition which in the investigator's opinion could interfere with the results of the trial.