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NCT Number: NCT07746557

The Effect of Brain Endurance Training on Motor Skill Learning in Adolescents With Mild Mental Fatigue

Objective: To investigate the effects of brain endurance training on improving motor skill learning in adolescents with mild mental fatigue. Methods: Fifty-eight adolescents experiencing mild mental fatigue were recruited. A 6-week training program was conducted using a 2 (BET group, control group) × 2 (pre- and post-Stroop task) × 3 (0, 3, 6 weeks) mixed-design experimental design. Assessments included basketball free throws, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS-MF), the 3-minute Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT-B), the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) to assess performance before and after a 30-minute Stroop task.

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Key information

Conditions

Mental Fatigue Behavior Behavioral Symptoms Fatigue Motor Skill Learning Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Signs and Symptoms

Age range

18 year–19 year

Sex eligibility

Female

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Participants assessed as having mild mental fatigue using the Mental Fatigue VAS scale
  • No prior experience in learning specific motor skills
  • In good physical health, with no history of central nervous system disorders, musculoskeletal injuries, or mental health conditions

Exclusion criteria

  • Individuals with moderate to severe mental fatigue or no mental fatigue
  • Individuals with moderate to severe mental fatigue or no mental fatigue
  • Individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, chronic headaches, ADHD, anxiety, or depression - Individuals who have sustained a musculoskeletal injury within the past month and are unable to complete standardized exercise routines
  • Individuals taking medications that affect central nervous system function on a long-term basis, or who have consumed caffeine, energy drinks, or alcohol within 24 hours prior to the experiment - Individuals with persistent sleep disorders
  • Individuals unable to cooperate in completing cognitive endurance training and motor skill tests.Individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, chronic headaches, ADHD, anxiety, or depression
  • Individuals who have sustained a musculoskeletal injury within the past month and are unable to complete standardized exercise routines
  • Individuals taking medications that affect central nervous system function on a long-term basis, or who have consumed caffeine, energy drinks, or alcohol within 24 hours prior to the experiment
  • Individuals with persistent sleep disorders - Individuals unable to cooperate in completing cognitive endurance training and motor skill tests.

Treatment and study plan

Motor Skill Learning

Behavioral

During training, the BET group completed a 20-minute 2-back task [28], followed by a 5-minute break, after which they performed free-throw-related physical and technical training. The presentation timing and intervals of the 2-back task stimuli were adjusted every two weeks [18]. During testing, the BET group completed 20 free-throw trials and a 1-minute free-throw test [29] before and after the 30-minute Stroop task, and underwent PVT-B, VAS-MF, and RPE assessments.

Primary outcomes

  1. Number of Free Throws Made in Basketball

    Time frame: From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6

  2. Number of Free Throws in 1 Minute

    Time frame: From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6

  3. Free throws made in 1 minute

    Time frame: From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6

Secondary outcomes

  1. VAS-MF

    Time frame: From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6

    The 10cm VAS-MF was used to assess the degree of mental fatigue. The scale consists of an unmarked horizontal line, with the left end (0 = not at all fatigued) and the right end (10 = completely fatigued) representing the lowest and highest states of this dimension, respectively. Participants are instructed by the examiner to draw a vertical line on the scale that reflects their immediate feelings. A quantitative score is derived by measuring the physical distance (0-10 cm) from the left end of the scale to the marked point.

  2. RPE

    Time frame: From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6

    The Borg Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale assesses perceived exertion (0-10); participants indicate their perceived exertion level using their fingers.

  3. At the time of the reaction

    Time frame: From enrollment through Week 3 and then Week 6

    All cognitive tasks were conducted using E-Prime 3.0 software. During the 3-minute PVT-B reaction time test, a visual stimulus lasting 1-8 seconds was first presented in the center of the computer screen; participants were instructed to press the "space" key as quickly as possible to respond, after which the screen went blank for 500 ms before proceeding to the next cycle.

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Yunliang ZHANG

CONTACT

[email protected]

+8613920900801

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Yunliang Zhang

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Aug 5, 2026
Registry last updated
Aug 5, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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