The Effect of Artificial Intelligence-assisted Visual Case Analysis on Nursing Students' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Pressure Injury Prevention: A Single-blind Randomized Controlled Trial

The PUPKAI was developed by Beeckman and colleagues. It includes six subscales: etiology and development, classification and monitoring, risk assessment, nutrition, preventive interventions to reduce the amount of pressure/slip, and preventive measures to reduce the duration of pressure/slip. Each question has three answer options, one of which is correct. The total number of correct answers for each subscale and the entire instrument indicates the level of knowledge. The maximum score that can be obtained from the instrument is 26, and the acceptable score for proficiency is ≥ 16 (60%). The validity and reliability of the instrument in the Turkish population was tested by Tulek and colleagues. The content validity index of the instrument was 0.94. The internal consistency reliability for the overall instrument was determined using the Kuder-Richardson test. The Kuder-Richardson-20 value was 0.80.

APuP was developed by Beeckman and colleagues from Ghent University in Belgium in 2010 to examine the attitudes of nursing students towards the prevention of pressure injuries. The scale consists of five sub-dimensions and 13 items. The sub-dimensions are "attitude towards personal competence in preventing pressure injuries", "attitude towards the priority of preventing pressure injuries", "attitude towards the impact of pressure injuries", "attitude towards personal responsibility in preventing pressure injuries" and "attitude towards the effectiveness of prevention". Items 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 13 are reverse scored. The scores on the scale range from 13 to 52. An average attitude score of more than 75% is considered satisfactory. High total APuP scores indicate positive attitudes. The validity and reliability study of the scale for the Turkish population was conducted by Üstün in 2013.