The ECHO Study: Compassion-focused Therapy for Young Voice Hearers and Their Caregivers

Psychotic symptoms are measured with: BAVQ-R (Beliefs about Voices Questionnaire - Revised) (Chadwick et al., 2000).( 35 items are rated (0-3) total minimum score 0, maximum score 105. Some scores indicate higher distress, while other indicate lower distress).

PSYRATS AH (Psychotic Symptoms Rating Scale Auditory Hallucinations) (Haddock et al., 1999). (11 items are rated (0-4) total minimum score 0, maximum score 44. Higher score being more severe)

The Yale Control Over Perceptual Experiences (COPE) Scales measures voluntary control over voices such as being able to intentionally influence the timing, frequency, or intensity of voice hearing experiences (Mourgues et al., 2022). (36 items are rated (1-7) total minimum score 36, maximum score 252. Higher scores indicate stronger perceived control over voices)

Social cognition is tested with TASIT 2A DK (The Awareness of Social Inference Test) (McDonald et al., 2003). (60 items are rated, minimum total score 0, maximum score is 60. Lower score being more severe)

SSPS (Social safeness and pleasure scale) (Gilbert et al., 2009). (11 items are rated (1-5). Total minimum 11, total maximum 55. Lower score being more severe).

SCS-SF (Self-Compassion Scale Short Form) (Raes et al., 2011; Neff et al., 2019) (12 items are rated (1-5) total minimum 12, total maximum 60. Lower score being more severe).

The Social Connectedness Scale Revised (Lee et al., 1995; Sabitelli et al., 2005). (8 items are rated (1-6). Total minimum score 8, total maximum score 48. Lower score being more severe).

MSPSS (The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support) (Zimet et al. 1988).(12 items are rated (1-7) total minimum 12, total maximum 84. Lower score being more severe).

Factual information about the young person: Education, cohabiting or divorced parents, the young person's residence, family history of mental illness, diagnosis and medication of the young person

Additionally, questions are asked about how well you feel your parents understand you (e.g., do they know what motivates you and what scares you?) (Likert scale 1-10). Questions about daily stress, sleep, violence and abuse, well-being and quality of life, interaction with family and friends (from the "How are you?" survey among youth in the Central Denmark Region). Quality of life is measured with WHO-5.