The Differences of Complications Between LPD(Laparoscopic Pancreaticoduodenectomy) and OPD(Open Pancreaticoduodenectomy)

Inclusion criteria

• Age: 18 years old, with no gender limit;
• Histologically confirmed or clinically diagnosed as pancreatic cancer by MDT (multidisciplinary team), without histopathological evidence;
• Patients may receive LPD or OPD according to the MDT evaluation;
• Patients understand and are willing to comply with the trial;
• Signed written informed consent before patient enrollment;
• Patients who meet the clinical guidelines for intent to treat.
• Those who met each of the above criteria were included in the study.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with distant metastasis found before or during surgery, including peritoneal, liver, distant lymph node metastasis, and other organ involvement;
• Patients who need pancreatic neck or pancreatic tail, total pancreatic resection or other palliative surgery;
• Preoperative anesthesia ASA score of 4 points;
• A history of other malignant tumors;
• Pregnant or lactating women;
• Patients with severe mental disorders;
• MDT evaluates patients with vascular invasion and requiring vascular resection based on abdominal imaging data;
• Patients who have participated in other clinical trials within 3 months. Those who meet any of the above criteria were not included in the study.