The Developmental Origins of Endometriosis

AGD is measured at enrollment for patients already diagnosed by Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and it is measured during the laparoscopy once the diagnosis has been confirmed.

AGD is measured by 2 different operators with a millimetric precision ruler according 2 validated methods :

• measure of the distance from the clitoral surface to the anus (AGD-AC), and
• measure of the distance from the posterior fourchette to the anus (AGD-AF). The method is described here: https://www.jove.com/v/57912/ Each operator will measure the AGD-AC and the AGD-AF 3 times. For each type of AGD, the final value will correspond to the mean of the 6 values.

The basal total testosterone (Ttotal(t0)) level is measured in blood

The basal bio-available testosterone (Tbio-available(t0)) level is measured in blood

Basal sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG(t0)) level is mesured in blood

Basal Free Androgen Index (FAI(t0)) = (Ttotal(t0)/SHBG(t0))*100

The total testosterone level after empathy induction (Ttotal(t1)) is measured in blood

The bio-available testosterone level after empathy induction (Tbio-available(t1)) is measured in blood

Sex hormone-binding globulin after empathy induction (SHBG(t1)) is mesured in blood

Free Androgen Index after empathy induction (FAI(t1)) = (Ttotal(t1)/SHBG(t1))*100

The level of variation in total testosterone before (t0) and after watching empathy-inducing video (t1) is assessed according to: Ttotal(t1)-Ttotal(t0)

The level of variation in bio-available testosterone before (t0) and after watching empathy-inducing video (t1) is assessed according to: Tbio-available(t1)-Tbio-available(t0)

The level of variation in Sex hormone-binding globulin before (t0) and after watching empathy-inducing video (t1) is assessed according to: SHBG(t1)-SHBG(t0)

% of variation in Free Androgen Index before (t0) and after watching empathy-inducing video (t1) is assessed according to: [[FAI(t1)-FAI(t0)]/FAI(t0)] × 100

The basal OT level is measured by the dosage in the saliva of :

Total OT (OTtotal(t0))

The basal OT level is measured by the dosage in the saliva of :

Total OT (OTtotal(t1))

Variation in OT level before (t0) and after watching an empathy-inducing video (t1) is assessed in the saliva according to:

• OTtotal(t1)-OTtotal(t0)

-% of variation of OT = [[OT(t1)-OT(t0)]/OT(t0)] × 100

The ROC curve is a graphical representation that illustrates the performance of a binary classification model. It plots the true positive rate (sensitivity) against the false positive rate (1 - specificity) at various classification thresholds. In other words, the model's sensitivity corresponds to the model's ability to detect patients (ENDO+) while the model's specificity corresponds to the model's ability to detect a non-patient (ENDO-). The ROC curve helps assess the model's ability to correctly identify true positives while minimizing false positives.

The area under the ROC curve (AUC) can be interpreted as the probability that, among two randomly chosen subjects, a patient and a non-patient, the value of the marker is higher for the patient than for the non-sick. An AUC of 0.5 (50%) indicates that the marker is non-informative. An increase in AUC indicates an improvement in discriminatory abilities, with a maximum of 1.0 (100%).

Pelvic pain will be assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The visual analog scale (VAS) is a validated, unidimensional subjective measure for acute and chronic pain. Scores are recorded by making a handwritten mark on a 10-cm line that represents a continuum between "no pain" and "worst pain."

The quality of life of patients with endometriosis is assessed with the Endometriosis Health Profile questionnaire (EHP-30©)

EHP-30 is a self-administered questionnaire validated in French to assess the effects that endometriosis can have on the quality of life of women. This questionnaire consists of 30 domains grouped into 5 areas:

Pain (11 items: n° 1 to 11), Control and helplessness (6 items: n°12 to 17), Emotional well-being (6 items: n°18 to 23), Social support (4 items: n°24 to 27), Self-image (3 items: n°28 to 30). Each item is rated on a Likert scale (Never=0, Rarely=1, Sometimes=2, Often=3, Always=4). Each domain is then represented by a score calculated on a scale from 0 (indicating the best possible state of health) to 100 (indicating the worst possible state of health): Domain score = [sum of responses to each item in the domain] / [4 (= maximum item response) × number domain items] × 100

The score of pain of patients with endometriosis is assessed with the French version of the Endometriosis Health Profile questionnaire (EHP-30©). The score of the first domain Pain consists of 11 items. Each item is rated on a Likert scale (Never=0, Rarely=1, Sometimes=2, Often=3, Always=4).