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Completed

NCT Number: NCT07454551

The Comparison of Different Passive Warm-Up Methods Prior to Exercise

This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the acute effects of two passive warm-up methods-infrared heating and therapeutic massage-on vertical jump, horizontal jump, dynamic balance, static balance, and lower extremity muscle flexibility in healthy adults.

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Key information

Conditions

Age range

18 year–35 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Health Sciences

Istanbul, 34295, Turkey (Türkiye)

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Age 18-35 years
  • Healthy young adults
  • No alcohol 12 hours prior to testing
  • No smoking 30 minutes prior to testing

Exclusion criteria

  • Active musculoskeletal disorder
  • Orthopedic diagnosis in past 6 months
  • Lower extremity or spinal fracture or surgery within last 2 years
  • Use of any assistive device for gait
  • Intra-articular injections in knee, hip, spine within last 6 months
  • Neurological, vestibular, cardiovascular disease

Treatment and study plan

Infrared Heating

Other

5 minutes of cycling warm-up 10 minutes of infrared application to dominant quadriceps Infrared applied at 90° angle on bare skin while participant rests in prone position Mechanism: IR-induced deep tissue heating increasing molecular activity and passive warm-up effect

Therapeutic Massage

Other

5 minutes of cycling warm-up 10 minutes of standardized classical massage applied by trained personnel Techniques used: Stroking (effleurage), local stroking, kneading (rolling technique) Massage oil warmed in hands prior to application

Primary outcomes

  1. Vertical Jump Height

    Time frame: Baseline (Pre-intervention)

  2. Dynamic Balance Composite Score

    Time frame: Baseline (Pre-intervention)

    The Y-Balance Test is a dynamic balance assessment tool used to evaluate an individual's ability to maintain postural control while reaching in multiple directions. The participant stands on one leg at the center of a Y-shaped grid and reaches as far as possible with the contralateral leg in three directions: anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral. The maximum reach distance for each direction is measured in centimeters (cm) and normalized to leg length to reduce inter-individual variability.

    Outcome Metrics:

    Reach distance (cm) in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions Dynamic Balance Composite Score (%) =(Sum of the 3 reach directions / 3 times the limb length * 100)

  3. Vertical Jump Height

    Time frame: Day 1 (Post-intervention)

    30 minutes later after the intervention at the same day

  4. Dynamic Balance Composite Score

    Time frame: Day 1 (Post-intervention)

    30 minutes later after the intervention at the same day. The Y-Balance Test is a dynamic balance assessment tool used to evaluate an individual's ability to maintain postural control while reaching in multiple directions. The participant stands on one leg at the center of a Y-shaped grid and reaches as far as possible with the contralateral leg in three directions: anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral. The maximum reach distance for each direction is measured in centimeters (cm) and normalized to leg length to reduce inter-individual variability.

    Outcome Metrics:

    Reach distance (cm) in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions Dynamic Balance Composite Score (%) =(Sum of the 3 reach directions / 3 times the limb length * 100)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Sit-and-Reach Test

    Time frame: Baseline (Pre-intervention)

  2. Horizontal Jump Distance

    Time frame: Baseline (Pre-intervention)

  3. Flamingo Static Balance Test Score

    Time frame: Baseline (Pre-intervention)

    A balance beam (50 cm long, 4 cm high, and 3 cm wide) and a stopwatch will use. Participant stands on the balance beam with one leg and bents the free leg backward and grip the back of the foot with the hand on the same side, standing like a flamingo. Participant attempts to maintain this position for as long as possible. The time stops if the raised leg touches the ground, and restarts when balance is regained. The test is scored based on the number of mistakes made within one minute. The more mistakes made, the lower the score.

  4. Sit-and-Reach Test

    Time frame: Day 1 (Post-intervention)

    30 minutes later after the intervention at the same day

  5. Horizontal Jump Distance

    Time frame: Day 1 (Post-intervention)

    30 minutes later after the intervention at the same day

  6. Flamingo Static Balance Test Score

    Time frame: Day 1 (Post-intervention)

    30 minutes later after the intervention at the same day A balance beam (50 cm long, 4 cm high, and 3 cm wide) and a stopwatch will use. Participant stands on the balance beam with one leg and bents the free leg backward and grip the back of the foot with the hand on the same side, standing like a flamingo. Participant attempts to maintain this position for as long as possible. The time stops if the raised leg touches the ground, and restarts when balance is regained. The test is scored based on the number of mistakes made within one minute. The more mistakes made, the lower the score.

Other outcomes

  1. the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF)

    Time frame: Baseline (Pre-intervention)

    This measure assesses the types of intensity of physical activity and sitting time that people do as part of their daily lives are considered to estimate total physical activity in MET-min/week and time spent sitting. The distribution of physical activity levels among participants randomly assigned to groups will be evaluated at baseline. In the event of observed differences between groups, the potential impact on the results will be considered in statistical analyses.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Comparison of Different Passive Warm-Up Methods Prior to Exercise on Balance and Jump Performance

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Mar 6, 2026
Registry last updated
Jul 1, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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