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Completed

NCT Number: NCT01711645

Tdap Vaccine in Post-Partum Women

Monitoring immune response and longevity in serum and milk after Tdap administration to postpartum women. The clinical trial will involve women (aged 18 - 45 years) who have just delivered full-term infants (greater than or equal to 37 completed weeks of gestation) at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. The enrollment period will be fifteen months. The duration is over two years of observation.

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Key information

Conditions

Diphtheria Actinomycetales Infections Bacterial Infections Bacterial Infections and Mycoses Bordetella Infections Clostridium Infections Corynebacterium Infections Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections Infections Pertussis Respiratory Tract Diseases Respiratory Tract Infections Tetanus Whooping Cough

Age range

18 year–45 year

Sex eligibility

Female

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Phase 4

Primary location

Vanderbilt University - Pediatric - Vanderbilt Vaccine Research Center

Nashville, Tennessee, 37232-2573, United States

About this study

This is a single site, prospective study involving only one intervention, receipt of a single 0.5 mL intramuscular (IM) dose of Adacel (Tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular Pertussis) vaccine, among 55 healthy post partum women. The purpose of the study is to examine the immune responses and subsequent decline in serum and breast milk antibody titers over two years of observation. The clinical trial will involve women (aged 18 - 45 years) who have just delivered full-term infants (greater than or equal to 37 completed weeks of gestation) at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. One particular population at Vanderbilt to target will be the "centering prenatal care group" that has breastfeeding rates as high as 75 percent at hospital discharge and maintained at 20 percent at 6 months. The enrollment period will be fifteen months. The subjects, staff assessing subjects, and laboratory personnel will be aware of receipt of the vaccine. Since only a single vaccine product is being utilized, there is no blinding needed of the subjects or staff.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

-Healthy, postpartum women as determined by medical history aged 18 - 45 years of age inclusive. -Women 1-4 days postpartum from delivery of full-term infants. Full-term will be defined as estimated gestational age of greater than or equal to 37 completed weeks of pregnancy determined by menstrual dating and concordant with ultrasound findings as per ACOG bulletin #101). -Provide written informed consent prior to initiation of any study procedures. -Available for the entire study period. -Able to understand and complete all relevant study procedures during study participation (women who ultimately have limited ability to breast feed after enrollment will not be excluded from the study).

Exclusion criteria

-Prior receipt of a tetanus or diphtheria-containing vaccine within two years of enrollment. -Prior receipt of a tetanus and diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine within two years of enrollment. -Known or suspected impairment of immunologic function. -Febrile illness within the last 24 hours or an oral temperature >/= 100.4 degrees F (>/= 38 degrees C) at the time of enrollment. -History of documented tetanus, diphtheria, or pertussis disease within the preceding 5 years. -History of allergic or adverse reaction to diphtheria, tetanus, or pertussis vaccines. -Receipt of any steroids, immunoglobulins, other blood products/transfusion within the past six months- excluding Rh immunoglobulin (Rhogam™ and Rhophylac™). -Is enrolled or plans to enroll in another clinical trial with an investigational product while participating in this study (observational studies are allowed). -Known active infection with HIV, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C. -History of alcohol or drug abuse in the last 5 years. -Any condition which, in the opinion of the investigators, may pose a health risk to the subject or interfere with the evaluation of the study objectives. -Any woman with health condition who is currently taking glucocorticoids, i.e., oral, parenteral, and high-dose inhaled steroids, and immunosuppressive or cytotoxic drugs. -Sensitive to latex, based on package insert -Progressive or unstable neurologic condition, based on package insert. -Receipt of influenza or other vaccines concomitantly administered or for 42 days following Adacel, based on package insert.

Treatment and study plan

Tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine adsorbed onto aluminum phosphate

Biological

55 postpartum subjects receive a single intramuscular (IM) 0.5 mL dose of Adacel® (Tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine adsorbed).

Primary outcomes

  1. Geometric Mean Fold Rise in Serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) by ELISA at Week 2

    Time frame: Prior to and 2 weeks following vaccination

    Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination and at 2 weeks after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemaggluttinin (FHA), pertactin (PRN) and fimbrae (FIM) antigens. Antibody concentrations were reported as ELISA units per milliliter (EU/mL). The geometric mean of participants' fold rise in antibody concentrations from baseline to post vaccination was calculated, along with the 95% confidence interval (CI).

  2. Geometric Mean Fold Rise in Serum IgG by ELISA at Week 6

    Time frame: Prior to and 6 weeks following vaccination

    Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination and at 6 weeks after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. The geometric mean of participants' fold rise in antibody concentrations from baseline to post vaccination was calculated, along with the 95% CI.

  3. Geometric Mean Fold Rise in Serum IgG by ELISA at Month 6

    Time frame: Prior to and 6 months following vaccination

    Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination and at 6 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. The geometric mean of participants' fold rise in antibody concentrations from baseline to post vaccination was calculated, along with the 95% CI.

  4. Geometric Mean Fold Rise in Serum IgG by ELISA at Month 12

    Time frame: Prior to and 12 months following vaccination

    Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination and at 12 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. The geometric mean of participants' fold rise in antibody concentrations from baseline to post vaccination was calculated, along with the 95% CI.

  5. Geometric Mean Fold Rise in Serum IgG by ELISA at Month 18

    Time frame: Prior to and 18 months following vaccination

    Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination and at 18 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. The geometric mean of participants' fold rise in antibody concentrations from baseline to post vaccination was calculated, along with the 95% CI.

  6. Geometric Mean Fold Rise in Serum IgG by ELISA at Month 24

    Time frame: Prior to and 24 months following vaccination

    Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination and at 24 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. The geometric mean of participants' fold rise in antibody concentrations from baseline to post vaccination was calculated, along with the 95% CI.

  7. ELISA Geometric Mean Concentrations (GMC) of Serum IgG to PT, FHA, PRN and FIM at Baseline

    Time frame: Baseline (prior to vaccination)

    Blood was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. Antibody concentrations were reported as ELISA units per milliliter (EU/mL). A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) (<10 EU/mL). The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI.

  8. ELISA GMCs of Serum IgG to PT, FHA, PRN and FIM at Week 2

    Time frame: 2 weeks post vaccination

    Blood was collected from participants at 2 weeks after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below LLOQ. The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI.

  9. ELISA GMCs of Serum IgG to PT, FHA, PRN and FIM at Week 6

    Time frame: 6 weeks post vaccination

    Blood was collected from participants at 6 weeks after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below LLOQ. The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI.

  10. ELISA GMCs of Serum IgG to PT, FHA, PRN and FIM at Month 6

    Time frame: 6 months post vaccination

    Blood was collected from participants at 6 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below LLOQ. The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI.

  11. ELISA GMCs of Serum IgG to PT, FHA, PRN and FIM at Month 12

    Time frame: 12 months post vaccination

    Blood was collected from participants at 12 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below LLOQ. The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI.

  12. ELISA GMCs of Serum IgG to PT, FHA, PRN and FIM at Month 18

    Time frame: 18 months post vaccination

    Blood was collected from participants at 18 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below LLOQ. The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI.

  13. ELISA GMCs of Serum IgG to PT, FHA, PRN and FIM at Month 24

    Time frame: 24 months post vaccination

    Blood was collected from participants at 24 months after vaccination for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens. A value of 5 EU/mL was imputed for results reported as below LLOQ. The geometric mean of participants' concentrations at the timepoint was calculated, along with the 95% CI.

  14. Count of Participants With 4-fold Rise in ELISA Antibody Concentrations at Week 2

    Time frame: Prior to and 2 weeks after vaccination

    Blood samples were collected from participants for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens at baseline prior to vaccination and 2 weeks after vaccination. A 4-fold rise in antibody concentration from prior to vaccination was defined as a post-vaccination IgG greater than or equal to 40 EU/mL for participants with baseline IgG concentrations less than the LLOQ (10), or 4 times the baseline IgG concentration for baseline IgG concentrations greater than the LLOQ.

  15. Count of Participants With 4-fold Rise in ELISA Antibody Concentrations at Week 6

    Time frame: Prior to and 6 weeks after vaccination

    Blood samples were collected from participants for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens at baseline prior to vaccination and 6 weeks after vaccination. A 4-fold rise in antibody concentration from prior to vaccination was defined as a post-vaccination IgG greater than or equal to 40 EU/mL for participants with baseline IgG concentrations less than the LLOQ (10), or 4 times the baseline IgG concentration for baseline IgG concentrations greater than the LLOQ.

  16. Count of Participants With 4-fold Rise in ELISA Antibody Concentrations at Month 6

    Time frame: Prior to and 6 months after vaccination

    Blood samples were collected from participants for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens at baseline prior to vaccination and 6 months after vaccination. A 4-fold rise in antibody concentration from prior to vaccination was defined as a post-vaccination IgG greater than or equal to 40 EU/mL for participants with baseline IgG concentrations less than the LLOQ (10), or 4 times the baseline IgG concentration for baseline IgG concentrations greater than the LLOQ.

  17. Count of Participants With 4-fold Rise in ELISA Antibody Concentrations at Month 12

    Time frame: Prior to and 12 months after vaccination

    Blood samples were collected from participants for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens at baseline prior to vaccination and 12 months after vaccination. A 4-fold rise in antibody concentration from prior to vaccination was defined as a post-vaccination IgG greater than or equal to 40 EU/mL for participants with baseline IgG concentrations less than the LLOQ (10), or 4 times the baseline IgG concentration for baseline IgG concentrations greater than the LLOQ.

  18. Count of Participants With 4-fold Rise in ELISA Antibody Concentrations at Month 18

    Time frame: Prior to and 18 months after vaccination

    Blood samples were collected from participants for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens at baseline prior to vaccination and 18 months after vaccination. A 4-fold rise in antibody concentration from prior to vaccination was defined as a post-vaccination IgG greater than or equal to 40 EU/mL for participants with baseline IgG concentrations less than the LLOQ (10), or 4 times the baseline IgG concentration for baseline IgG concentrations greater than the LLOQ.

  19. Count of Participants With 4-fold Rise in ELISA Antibody Concentrations at Month 24

    Time frame: Prior to and 24 months after vaccination

    Blood samples were collected from participants for assessment of IgG by ELISA against the PT, FHA, PRN and FIM antigens at baseline prior to vaccination and 24 months after vaccination. A 4-fold rise in antibody concentration from prior to vaccination was defined as a post-vaccination IgG greater than or equal to 40 EU/mL for participants with baseline IgG concentrations less than the LLOQ (10), or 4 times the baseline IgG concentration for baseline IgG concentrations greater than the LLOQ.

  20. Kinetics of the ELISA IgG Antibody Rise in Serum

    Time frame: Prior to and following Tdap, through 24 months post-vaccination

    The assessment of the kinetics of the ELISA IgG antibody rise in serum was defined by the protocol as the geometric mean fold rise at each timepoint (reported separately above). No additional analysis was pre-defined or performed for this outcome measure.

Secondary outcomes

  1. ELISA GMC of Breast Milk IgA to Pertussis Toxin (PT) at Baseline.

    Time frame: Baseline (prior to vaccination)

    Breast milk (colostrum) was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to the PT antigen by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL along with the 95% confidence interval. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of the assay was 10. Results of <10 were reported as half the LLOQ (5).

  2. ELISA GMC of Breast Milk IgA to PT at Week 2

    Time frame: 2 weeks post vaccination

    Breast milk was collected from participants at 2 weeks after vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to PT and FHA by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL. Note that for the PT at this timepoint, all participants had a value of 5, the imputed value for below the LLOQ of the assay (<10), and so the 95% CI is not reported, as there was no measurable variability in the data. The range is reported.

  3. ELISA GMC of Breast Milk IgA to PT at Week 6

    Time frame: 6 weeks post vaccination

    Breast milk was collected from participants at 6 weeks after vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to PT and FHA by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL. Note that for the PT at this timepoint, all participants had a value of 5, the imputed value for below the LLOQ of the assay (<10), and so the 95% CI is not reported, as there was no measurable variability in the data. The range is reported.

  4. ELISA GMC of Breast Milk IgA to PT at Month 6

    Time frame: 6 months post vaccination

    Breast milk was collected from participants at 6 weeks after vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to PT and FHA by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL. Note that for the PT at this timepoint, all participants had a value of 5, the imputed value for below the LLOQ of the assay (<10), and so the 95% CI is not reported, as there was no measurable variability in the data. The range is reported.

  5. ELISA GMC of Breast Milk IgA to FHA at Baseline.

    Time frame: Baseline (prior to vaccination)

    Breast milk (colostrum) was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to the FHA antigen by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL along with the 95% confidence interval.

  6. ELISA GMC of Breast Milk IgA to FHA at Week 2.

    Time frame: 2 weeks post vaccination

    Breast milk was collected from participants at 2 weeks post vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to the FHA antigen by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL along with the 95% confidence interval.

  7. ELISA GMC of Breast Milk IgA to FHA at Week 6.

    Time frame: 6 weeks post vaccination

    Breast milk was collected from participants at 6 weeks post vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to the FHA antigen by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL. Note that for the FHA at this timepoint, all participants had a concentration of 5, the imputed value for below the LLOQ of the assay (<10), and so the 95% CI is not reported, as there was no measurable variability in the data. The range is reported.

  8. ELISA GMC of Breast Milk IgA to FHA at Month 6.

    Time frame: 6 months post vaccination

    Breast milk was collected from participants at 6 months post vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to the FHA antigen by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL along with the 95% confidence interval.

  9. ELISA GMC of Breast Milk IgA to PRN and FIM by Study Day.

    Time frame: Baseline (prior to vaccination), Week 2, Week 6 and Month 6 post vaccination

    Breast milk (colostrum) was collected from participants at baseline prior to vaccination for assessment of secretory IgA (sIgA) to the PRN and FIM antigen by ELISA. Available data at the timepoint were to be summarized by geometric mean of the concentration as reported in EU/mL along with the 95% confidence interval. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of the assay was 10 EU/mL.

  10. Proportion of Participants With 4-fold Rise in Antibody in Breast Milk by Study Day.

    Time frame: Prior to vaccination, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 6 months after vaccination

    Breast milk samples were collected from participants for evaluation of PT and FHA secretory IgA (sIgA) by ELISA. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for the assay was 10 EU/mL. A 4-fold rise in concentration from prior to vaccination was defined as a post-vaccination sIgA concentration greater than or equal to 40 EU/mL for participants with baseline sIgA concentrations less than the LLOQ, or 4 times the baseline sIgA concentration for baseline sIgA concentrations greater than the LLOQ.

  11. Geometric Mean Fold Rise in Antibody Concentrations Assessed by ELISA in Breast Milk by Study Day

    Time frame: Prior to vaccination, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 6 months after vaccination

    Breast milk samples were collected from participants for evaluation of secretory IgA (sIgA) by ELISA. Geometric mean fold rise was defined as the geometric mean of participants' fold rise in post vaccination sIgA relative to the pre-vaccination sIgA.

  12. Kinetics of the ELISA IgG Antibody Decline in Breast Milk Expressed in EU/ml.

    Time frame: Prior to vaccination, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 6 months after vaccination

    Breast milk samples were collected from participants for evaluation of PT and FHA secretory IgA (sIgA) by ELISA. The protocol defined kinetics as assessment at each post-vaccination timepoint of the geometric mean fold rise, defined as the geometric mean of participants' fold rise in post vaccination sIgA relative to the pre-vaccination sIgA.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Nih

Registry information

Official study title

Phase IV, Open Label Trial to Evaluate Immunogenicity of Tdap Vaccine in Post-Partum Women to Optimize Vaccination Schedule for Women Who May Have a Subsequent Child

Important dates

Study start
2012
Primary completion
2015
Study completion
2015
First posted
Oct 22, 2012
Registry last updated
May 5, 2017

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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