TB and Sarcoidosis Granuloma

Tuberculosis (TB) and sarcoidosis are diseases that are characterized by the formation of inflammatory structures called granulomas. TB is caused by infection with the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis while sarcoidosis is a an inflammatory disease of unknown ethiology. We hypothesize that the localization of immune molecules in granulomas determines the the course of TB and sarcoidosis using in situ sequencing, a spatial transcriptomic technology and immunolabelling in biopsies from patients. In the project, we aim to answer the following questions: 1. How does the immune landscape differ in different TB granulomas (with/without necrosis, different histology)? 2. How does the immune landscape differ in acute (Lofgren's syndrome) and chronic (non-Lofgren's syndrome) sarcoidosis samples? 3. How does the immune landscape differ in histologically similar granulomas from TB and sarcoidosis patients? We will use in situ sequencing that can identify the exact location of 65 specific immune markers in the lung at the same time, thereby correlating defined immune landscapes with the histology, bacterial content and disease type.

Inclusion criteria

Specimen were taken from patients with a confirmed diagnosis of TB based on granulomatous inflammation based on histopathological confirmation together with additional parameters such as, clinical symptoms, radiological and laboratory parameters (microscopy detection of acid-fast bacilli in sputum, M. tuberculosis culture, chest radiography, and MTB/RIF GeneXpert analysis) were included.

Sarcoidosis and TB biopsies were selected by a clinical patholologist that evaluated the ocurrence of the granulomatous lessions