Synaptic Density, Tau and Multiparametric PET-MR in Brain Trauma, Stroke and Mild Cognitive or Behavioral Impairment.

Inclusion criteria

• Healthy volunteers Age between 18 and 80 years old (15 subjects between 18-50 yrs and 25 subjects between 50-80 yrs) Subject is judged to be in good health by the investigator on the basis of medical history, physical examination including vital signs and clinical laboratory tests.

No evidence of neurological disorder as evidenced by neurological examination No evidence of cognitive impairment as assessed by a MMSE score >= 28. In subjects < 60 years of age, an unremarkable structural MRI scan as assessed by expert radiologist. In subjects >= 60 years of age white matter hyperintensities corresponding to a WML (white matter lesion) score <= 2 (of 3) on the Age-Related White Matter changes scale are acceptable.

The volunteer is willing to undergo an additional 11C-PIB amyloid scan when cerebral amyloid status is unknown (if known, should have been performed in the year before inclusion).

• TBI Age between 18 and 60 years of age Patient suffered a first TBI episode 1-4 weeks prior to inclusion
• CTE Age between 30 and 80 years of age Patient is recently diagnosed with CTE Patient has known amyloid status (assessed < 1year ago) or is willing to undergo additional amyloid scanning.
• Stroke Age between 30 and 80 years of age Patient suffered a first episode of stroke 1-4 weeks prior to inclusion
• aMCI / MBI Age between 50 and 80 years of age Patient is diagnosed with aMCI due to AD according to the Albert criteria (27) or with MBI according to the ISTAART criteria Patient has known amyloid status (assessed < 1year ago) or is willing to undergo additional routine 11C-PIB amyloid scanning.

Exclusion criteria

• Healthy volunteers Subject has a history of any major disease that may interfere with the investigations (especially liver and kidney disease, or uncontrolled diabetes) or cancer; Subject has any history of a major neurological disorder, in particular stroke or TBI; Subject is first-degree relative (sibling, parent or children) of a person with neurological or psychiatric history assessed by a neurologist or psychiatrist (in particular dementia); Subject has a history or evidence of psychiatric disease, as assessed by a validated psychiatric symptom self-assessment tool (Symptom Checklist-90 Revised test : T-Global Symptom Index score < 63; Beck Depression Inventory <= 9); Subject is currently a user (including ''recreational use'') of any illicit drugs, including cannabis, or has a history of drug or alcohol abuse; Subject chronically uses medication that has central nervous system effects (eg. strong painkillers such as opioids, neuroleptics,..; ); Subject has had exposure to ionizing radiation (> 1 mSv) in other research studies within the last 12 months; Subject has a contra-indication for MRI scanning; Subject suffers from claustrophobia or cannot tolerate confinement during PET-MRI scanning procedures; subject cannot lie still for 60 minutes inside the scanner; Subject is unwilling to avoid unusual, unaccustomed, or strenuous physical activity (i.e. weight lifting, running, bicycling) from the time of the pre-study visit until the end of scanning; Subject does not understand the study procedures ; Subject is unwilling or unable to perform all of the study procedures, or is considered unsuitable in any way by the principal investigator; Subject is potentially pregnant (hCG test can be done if doubt exists).
• all patients Subject has a history of major other neurological or psychiatric disorder, or major internal pathology that may make him/her unfit for participation according to the interpretation by the investigator (including cardiac, lung, haematological, gastro-intestinal disorders or cancer); Subject is currently a user (including ''recreational use'') of any illicit drugs, including cannabis, or has a history of drug or alcohol abuse; Subject has had exposure to ionizing radiation (> 1 mSv) in other research studies within the last 12 months; Subject has a contra-indication for MRI scanning; Subject suffers from claustrophobia or cannot tolerate confinement during PET-MRI scanning procedures; subject cannot lie still for 60 minutes inside the scanner; Subject is unwilling to avoid unusual, unaccustomed, or strenuous physical activity (i.e. weight lifting, running, bicycling) from the time of the pre-study visit until the end of scanning; Subject does not understand the study procedures; Subject is unwilling or unable to perform all of the study procedures, or is considered unsuitable in any way by the principal investigator; Subject is potentially pregnant (hCG test can be done if doubt exists).