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NCT Number: NCT05738330

Symptom Monitoring in Hemodialysis

The SMaRRT-HD trial is a cluster randomized trial of symptom monitoring with supported clinician follow-up using the SMaRRT-HD electronic patient reported outcome measure (ePROM) system versus Usual Care. Approximately 2400 patients at up to 36 geographically and racially diverse US hemodialysis clinics will be enrolled. The primary trial hypothesis is that regular symptom patient reported outcome measure (PROM) administration with supported clinician follow-up in dialysis care will reduce suffering and improve outcomes by prompting treatment of unrecognized symptoms, and enhancing patient-care team communication. Clinics randomized to the SMaRRT-HD group will adopt the use of SMaRRT-HD for 12 months. SMaRRT-HD is a symptom monitoring system that includes 1) tablet-based symptom reporting using a PROM and 2) supported clinician follow-up consisting of symptom alerts, guidances for symptom management, and symptom tracking reports that are shared with patients. Dialysis clinics randomized to Usual Care will not adopt SMaRRT-HD or any other trial-driven procedures. Usual Care clinics will monitor symptoms through clinical care interactions with participants and by administering a Health Related Quality of Life survey that includes questions about symptoms.

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Key information

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Fresenius Medical Care

Waltham, Massachusetts, 02451, United States

Location status: Recruiting

Location contact

Cassandra Bowman, MHA

CONTACT

[email protected]

919-445-6790

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Age ≥ 18 years
  • Treatment with hemodialysis at a participating dialysis clinic
  • English or Spanish speaking

Exclusion criteria

  • Not willing to report their symptoms using the SMaRRT-HD platform
  • Not willing to share clinically acquired data with the research team
  • Underlying condition such as dementia that is anticipated to prevent comprehension of the trial information document (fact sheet)
  • Incarceration

Treatment and study plan

Symptom Monitoring on Renal Replacement Therapy - Hemodialysis (SMaRRT-HD)

Behavioral

Dialysis clinics randomized to the SMaRRT-HD group will use the SMaRRT-HD system to capture patient-reported symptoms and support clinician follow-up. The online system includes the patient symptom ePROM surveys, clinician real-time email alerts, clinician guidances for symptom management, and patient-facing symptom reports as well as an administrative dashboard supporting management of trial participants at clinics using SMaRRT-HD. Designated clinic personnel (i.e., patient care technicians and nurses) will receive training on how to use the system to administer the symptom ePROM surveys to patients on tablet computers. Designated clinic nurses and medical providers will receive training on how to access guidances for symptom management and patient-facing symptom reports in the SMaRRT-HD system. For trial participants in SMaRRT-HD clinics, the SMaRRT-HD system will be implemented in addition to the Usual Care approach to symptom monitoring.

Usual Care

Behavioral

Dialysis clinics randomized to Usual Care will not adopt SMaRRT-HD or any other trial-driven procedures. Usual Care clinics will monitor symptoms through clinical care interactions with participants and by administering a CMS-mandated Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) survey that includes questions about symptoms.

Primary outcomes

  1. Severity of dialysis-associated symptoms (Effectiveness)

    Time frame: Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

    This outcome will be assessed as change in the Dialysis Symptom Index-Severity Score over 12 months (primary endpoint).

    Participants are asked whether or not they experienced symptoms during the past week. If the response is yes, the participant is asked to indicate "How much did it bother you?". Lowest score - 0; Highest score - 150. A higher score indicates a worse outcome.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Health-related quality of life (Effectiveness)

    Time frame: Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

    EuroQOL 5D-5L (EQ-5D-5L)

    Participants are asked about 5 different domains that can affect people's quality of life (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain and discomfort, and anxiety and depression). Participants respond on a scale of 1 to 5 where 1=no problems, 2=slight problems, 3=moderate problems, 4=severe problems, and 5=extreme problems. An EQ-5D summary index is derived by applying a formula (developed by EuroQol Group) that attaches values (weights) to each of the levels in each dimension. A higher score indicates a better outcome.

  2. Post-dialysis recovery time (Effectiveness)

    Time frame: Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

    Recovery time question

  3. Fatigue (Effectiveness)

    Time frame: Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

    PROMIS Fatigue SF 6a

    Fatigue will be measured using the PROMIS Fatigue Short Form (SF) 6a. Normalized score reported as t-values. The full range of possible scores is 26.2 - 65.6. 50 indicates the population mean with a standard deviation of 10. A lower score represents a better outcome.

  4. Pain interference (Effectiveness)

    Time frame: Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

    Brief Pain Inventory (BPI)- Interference

    Participants are asked how much, during the past week, pain has interfered with different activities. This is typically scored as the mean of the seven items. Lowest score - 0; Highest score - 10. A higher score indicates a worse outcome.

  5. Anxiety (Effectiveness)

    Time frame: Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

    Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7

    Participants are asked to report how often during the past 2 weeks they have had symptoms or experiences. Lowest score - 0; Highest score - 21. Higher score indicates a worse outcome.

  6. Depression (Effectiveness)

    Time frame: Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

    Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-8

    Participants are asked to report how much during the last 2 weeks they have experienced problems. Lowest score - 0; Highest score - 24. Higher score indicates a worse outcome.

  7. Healthcare Engagement (Effectiveness)

    Time frame: Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

    Healthcare Engagement - Short Form 8a (PHE-8a)

    Participants are asked to respond to statements with how true each statement is for them at the time the questionnaire is administered. Responses range from "Not at all true" to "Very true". The PHE-8a uses item response theory-based scoring converted to standardized T-scores. A higher score indicates a better outcome.

  8. Hospitalizations (Effectiveness)

    Time frame: Duration of active 12 month study participation plus 6 months; 18 months total

    Hospitalization rate

  9. Mortality (Effectiveness)

    Time frame: Duration of active 12 month study participation plus 6 months; 18 months total

    Mortality rate

  10. Missed dialysis sessions (Effectiveness)

    Time frame: Duration of active 12 month study participation

    The number of missed dialysis sessions during participation in the the trial.

  11. Shortened dialysis sessions (Effectiveness)

    Time frame: Duration of active 12 month study participation

    The number of shortened dialysis sessions during participation in the the trial.

  12. Penetration (Implementation)

    Time frame: Duration of active 12 month study participation

    SMaRRT-HD completion rates collected from the SMaRRT-HD system and KDQOL™-36 completion rates collected from the dialysis medical record

  13. Fidelity (Implementation); Clinical action after PROM use; All Clinics

    Time frame: Duration of active 12 month study participation

    Evidence in the dialysis medical record of clinician action in response to a reported symptom.

  14. Fidelity (Implementation); Patient-reported clinician follow-up; All Clinics

    Time frame: Baseline, 6 months, and 12 months

    Patient response to a Computer-Assisted Telephone Interview-administered question about the occurrence of clinician follow-up of a reported symptom.

  15. Fidelity (Implementation); Patient/clinician-reported follow-up activities; All Clinics

    Time frame: 6 months, and 12 months

    Patient, clinic personnel, and medical provider responses to survey questions about the occurrence of clinician follow-up of a reported symptom.

  16. Fidelity (Implementation); Clinician access of symptom guidances; SMaRRT-HD Clinics

    Time frame: Duration of active 12 month study participation

    In SMaRRT-HD clinics only, evidence in the SMaRRT-HD system of clinician access of symptom guidances within 7 days of each administration of the SMaRRT-HD symptom ePROM.

  17. Fidelity (Implementation); Clinician access of symptom reports; SMaRRT-HD Clinics

    Time frame: Duration of active 12 month study participation

    In SMaRRT-HD clinics only, evidence in the SMaRRT-HD system of clinician access of symptom reports within 7 days of each administration of the SMaRRT-HD symptom ePROM.

  18. Fidelity (Implementation); Patient-reported receipt of symptom summary; All Clinics

    Time frame: Baseline, 6 months, and 12 months

    Patient response to a Computer-Assisted Telephone Interview-administered question about the receipt of symptom summaries.

  19. Acceptability (Implementation); Surveys; All Clinics

    Time frame: 6 months and 12 months

    Patient, clinic personnel, and medical provider responses to survey questions about the acceptability of patient-dialysis care team communication about symptoms.

  20. Acceptability (Implementation); Interviews; All Clinics

    Time frame: 6 months and 12 months

    Patient, clinic personnel, and medical provider responses to interview questions about the acceptability of patient-dialysis care team communication about symptoms.

  21. Acceptability (Implementation); Surveys; SMaRRT-HD Clinics

    Time frame: 6 months and 12 months

    In SMaRRT-HD clinics only, patient, clinic personnel, and medical provider responses to survey questions about the acceptability of the SMaRRT-HD system components.

  22. Acceptability (Implementation); Interviews; SMaRRT-HD Clinics

    Time frame: 6 months and 12 months

    In SMaRRT-HD clinics only, patient, clinic personnel, and medical provider responses to interview questions about the acceptability of the SMaRRT-HD system components.

  23. Appropriateness (Implementation); Surveys; All Clinics

    Time frame: 6 months and 12 months

    Patient, clinic personnel, and medical provider responses to survey questions about the appropriateness of patient-dialysis care team communication about symptoms.

  24. Appropriateness (Implementation); Interviews; All Clinics

    Time frame: 6 months and 12 months

    Patient, clinic personnel, and medical provider responses to interview questions about the appropriateness of patient-dialysis care team communication about symptoms.

  25. Appropriateness (Implementation); Surveys; SMaRRT-HD Clinics

    Time frame: 6 months and 12 months

    In SMaRRT-HD clinics only, patient, clinic personnel, and medical provider responses to survey questions about the appropriateness of the SMaRRT-HD system components.

  26. Appropriateness (Implementation); Interviews; SMaRRT-HD Clinics

    Time frame: 6 months and 12 months

    In SMaRRT-HD clinics only, patient, clinic personnel, and medical provider responses to interview questions about the appropriateness of the SMaRRT-HD system components.

  27. Feasibility (Implementation); Surveys; All Clinics

    Time frame: 6 months and 12 months

    Patient, clinic personnel, and medical provider responses to survey questions about feasibility of patient-dialysis care team communication about symptoms.

  28. Feasibility (Implementation); Interviews; All Clinics

    Time frame: 6 months and 12 months

    Patient, clinic personnel, and medical provider responses to interview questions about feasibility of patient-dialysis care team communication about symptoms.

  29. Feasibility (Implementation); Interviews; Dialysis provider organization corporate leaders

    Time frame: Interviews will be conducted before the optimization phase and after the end of the trial.

    Corporate leader responses to interview questions about the importance, feasibility, and potential for sustainability of regularly administering PROMs in routine dialysis care.

  30. Feasibility (Implementation); Surveys; SMaRRT-HD Clinics

    Time frame: 6 months and 12 months

    In SMaRRT-HD clinics only, patient, clinic personnel, and medical provider responses to survey questions about the feasibility of the SMaRRT-HD system components.

  31. Feasibility (Implementation); Interviews; SMaRRT-HD Clinics

    Time frame: 6 months and 12 months

    In SMaRRT-HD clinics only, patient, clinic personnel, and medical provider responses to interview questions about the feasibility of the SMaRRT-HD system components.

Other outcomes

  1. Quality of patient-clinician communication (Effectiveness)

    Time frame: Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

    In-Center Hemodialysis Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (ICH CAHPS)- Communication and Caring Domain

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

University of Pennsylvania

Other

Collaborators

  • Duke University
  • Fresenius Medical Care North America
  • Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute
  • University of New Mexico
  • University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Registry information

Official study title

Comparative Effectiveness of Two Approaches to Symptom Monitoring in Hemodialysis

Acronym: SMaRRT-HD

Important dates

Study start
2023
Primary completion
2027
Study completion
2027
First posted
Feb 22, 2023
Registry last updated
Nov 24, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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