Study to Determine Efficacy & Safety of a Low Concentration Estriol (0.005%) in Postmenopausal Vaginal Atrophy.

This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre study, with parallel groups, to determine the efficacy and safety of a new low-concentration estriol formulation (ITFE-2026 0.005%) for application by vaginal route in the treatment of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy.

Eligible patients were randomised in a ratio of 2:1 to 0.005% Estriol vaginal gel : placebo. Each patient was treated for 12 weeks followed by a one-month observational period. The patients attended the study centre at baseline and at 3, 8 and 12 weeks after start of treatment. Vaginal cytology was performed at baseline and at weeks 3 and 12; the vaginal pH and the signs and symptoms of vaginal atrophy were recorded at baseline and after 3 and 12 weeks of treatment. Vital signs, gynaecological exploration and changes in health and concomitant medication were documented at each visit. Transvaginal ultrasound was performed at screening and week 12. The investigators telephoned the patient approximately one month after the final visit to check if the patient had experienced any adverse events since the final visit. Two independent cytopathologists assessed the maturation value of each cytology sample at the end of the study.

Main Inclusion Criteria:

• Women of any age.
• Menopause with amenorrhea time ≥ 2 years, either due to natural or surgical menopause (bilateral oophorectomy).
• Presence of symptoms and signs of atrophy of the vaginal mucosa including at minimum vaginal dryness as a symptom stated by the patient, together with at least one sign of the disease verified by the investigator.

• As symptoms the patient could state vaginal dryness, pruritus, burning, dyspareunia, dysuria or any other symptom that the investigator considered related to the presence of vaginal atrophy.
• As signs the investigator assessed in the gynaecological examination with a speculum, a thinned vaginal mucosa or with flattening of folds, a dry, fragile and pale vaginal mucosa, the presence of petechiae or any other sign that the investigator considered indicative of the existence of vaginal atrophy
• Patients with mammography carried out in the period of one year prior to inclusion in the study.
• Patients able to understand the nature and purpose of the study, to cooperate with the investigator and meet the study requirements.
• Patients who gave written informed consent to participate in the study.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with contraindications for hormone therapy with estrogens because they had a history of:

• Malignant or premalignant lesions of the breasts or endometrium.
• Pathology of malignant colon tumour.
• Malignant melanoma
• Hepatic tumour pathology
• Venous thromboembolic conditions (deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism) or arterial thromboembolic conditions (angor pectoris, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident), peripheral arterial disease, mesenteric artery thrombosis, renal artery thrombosis
• Coagulopathies
• Vaginal bleeding of unknown etiology
• Patients who had abnormal laboratory values at the start of the study that the investigator considered clinically relevant for the purposes of the present study.
• Patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of infection of the genital or urinary tract at the start of the study.
• Patients with any medical-surgical pathology, which was uncontrolled at the time of inclusion in the study.
• Patients with any acute process whose handling or evolution the investigator considered could interfere in the development of the study.
• Patients with endometrial thickness equal to or greater than 4 mm measured by transvaginal ultrasound.
• Patients with grade II or higher uterovaginal prolapse.
• Patients who had received any type of vulvovaginal treatment in the 15 days prior to the start of the study.
• Patients who had received phytoestrogens in the period of one month prior to the start of the study, including administration by vaginal route.
• Patients who had received hormone therapy in the period of 3 months prior to the start of the study, including the administration of estrogens by vaginal route.
• Patients on treatment with drugs described in section 7.3 of the protocol
• Patients with a history of allergy to any of the components of the medication under study (see the composition in section 3.3. of the protocol).
• Patients who had participated in the experimental evaluation of any drug during the 8 weeks before the start of the present study.