Study the Effect of Niacin on Lipoprotein (a) Concentration and Hyperphosphatemia in Hemodialysis Patients

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a clinical syndrome secondary to the definitive change in function and/or structure of the kidney and is characterized by its irreversibility and slow and progressive evolution. CKD is very prevalent in the general adult population .End-stage renal disease (ESRD) was defined as a need for renal replacement therapy, CKD stage G5 (estimated glomerular filtration rate ≤ 15 mL/min per 1.73 m2) .Niacin (generic name of nicotinic acid), also known as vitamin B3, is a naturally occurring water-soluble vitamin that is essential in different biological activities. The active phosphate transport inhibitors are the newest interesting agents in the management of hyperphosphatemia alone or as add-on therapy to the existing phosphate binders. Niacin is one of this novel drug classes that has been demonstrated to show promising therapeutic potential in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in HD patients.The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of administration of niacin on lipoprotein (a) concentration and hyperphosphatemia, which represent strong risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, in ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis.Patients will be randomized into two groups each group includes 25 patients:

Control group: 25 patients will receive their standard therapy only. Intervention group (niacin group): 25 patients will receive niacin 500 mg per day with their standard therapy for 3 months.

Inclusion criteria

• Diagnosed with ESRD, on maintenance hemodialysis for at least three (3) months.
• Aged 18 years or older.
• Both sexes.
• No known contraindications to therapy with niacin.
• Patients who accept to participate in the study.

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnant and breast-feeding women
• Any patient with a medical condition or taking any medications that would be contraindicated with the use of extended release niacin, such as active peptic ulcer disease;
• History of severe allergic reactions to the study medication.
• History of active infection or acute gouty attack within 2 weeks prior to enrollment;
• Current medication regimen including niacin.
• Chronic liver disease
• Patients who had received immunosuppressive therapy
• Non-compliant patients: those who did not adhere to the medications during the study.