Study on the Incremental Predictive Value of Early Resting-State EEG Phenotypes for Functional Prognosis and Risk Stratification in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Inclusion criteria

• Age >=18 years, regardless of sex;
• Meets diagnostic criteria for acute ischemic stroke, supported by cranial CT/MRI and/or vascular imaging;
• Symptom onset time or last-known-well time is clear;
• Clinical assessment indicates that resting-state EEG can be completed without delaying acute treatment;
• Pre-stroke mRS <=2, or basic independence in daily living before stroke;
• The patient, legal guardian, or impartial witness provides informed consent to participate in this study.
• The primary analysis population will be restricted to patients with mild-to-moderate to moderately severe acute ischemic stroke; an NIHSS score of 4-18 is recommended.

Exclusion criteria

• Primary diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, brain tumor, encephalitis, severe traumatic brain injury, or other non-ischemic brain injury;
• Pre-existing marked neurological disability, pre-stroke mRS >2, severe prior dementia, or severe psychiatric disorder that would make follow-up functional or cognitive outcomes difficult to interpret;
• Persistent deep sedation, coma, mechanical ventilation, severe metabolic disturbance, severe infection, or other conditions at the time of EEG acquisition that the investigator judges would markedly affect resting-state EEG background activity;
• Status epilepticus or recent frequent clinical seizures around the time of EEG acquisition that the investigator judges would substantially affect interpretation of resting-state EEG;
• Any other condition that the investigator judges unsuitable for participation in this study.