Study of the Characteristics of Acute Mycoplasma Resuscitation: ECRAN-PLASMA Study

The ECRAN-PLASMA study focuses on Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae infections in intensive care units (ICU), continuous monitoring units (USC), and intensive pulmonary care units (USIP). It aims to better understand the epidemiology, management, and prognosis of these infections, particularly in light of the resurgence of cases following the COVID-19 pandemic and the increasing resistance to macrolides.

Mycoplasmas are bacteria lacking a cell wall, making them resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. M. pneumoniae adheres to the respiratory epithelium and produces a toxin (CARD-TX) that plays a role in disease pathogenesis. Transmission occurs through aerosols and droplets, with its prevalence likely underestimated due to often mild symptoms. However, in elderly or vulnerable patients, the infection can progress to severe forms requiring intensive care hospitalization, with a significant mortality rate.

The study includes all patients hospitalized in USC, USIP, or ICU who test positive for Mycoplasma pneumoniae or Chlamydia pneumoniae during the inclusion period. Its main objectives are to describe patient characteristics, assess factors associated with disease severity and prognosis, and analyze macrolide resistance.

Expected outcomes include estimating the incidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia in intensive care settings, gaining a better understanding of at-risk patient profiles, and optimizing patient management. The study also aims to improve prevention strategies and guide future clinical research on these infections.

Inclusion criteria

• Screening of all patients hospitalized in Intermediate Care Units (USC), Intensive Respiratory Care Units (USIP), and Intensive Care Units (ICU)
• Inclusion of patients who test positive for Mycoplasma pneumoniae or Chlamydia pneumoniae

Exclusion criteria

• Patients under 18 years old