Study of Oral Ixazomib Maintenance Therapy After Initial Therapy in Participants With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Not Treated With Stem Cell Transplantation (SCT)

The drug being tested in this study is called ixazomib. Ixazomib is being tested to slow disease progression and improve overall survival in Chinese participants who have newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) who have had a major positive response to initial therapy and have not undergone stem cell transplantation (SCT). This study will look at the effect of ixazomib has on the length of time that participants are free of disease progression and their overall survival. After the implementation of Amendment 8, participants who received placebo-matching capsules before unblinding and have not yet experienced disease progression will cross over to receive ixazomib.

The study will enroll approximately 37 patients. Participants will be assigned to a single treatment group

• Ixazomib

All participants will be asked to take one capsule on Days 1, 8, and 15 of every 28-day cycle, for up to approximately 24 months (equivalent to 26 cycles [if no cycle delays], to the nearest complete cycle) or until documented progressive disease (PD) or intolerable toxicity, whichever occurs first.

This multi-center trial will be conducted in China. The overall time to participate in this study is until a total of approximately up to 60 months. Participants will make multiple visits to the clinic, and every 4 weeks until the next line of therapy begins for a follow-up assessment.

Inclusion criteria

• Adult male or female participants aged 18 years or older with a confirmed diagnosis of symptomatic NDMM according to standard criteria.
• Has completed 6 to 12 months (±2 weeks) of initial therapy, during which the participant was treated to best response, defined as the best response maintained for 2 cycles after the M-protein nadir is reached.
• Has documented major response (partial response [PR], very good partial response [VGPR], complete response [CR]) according to the international myeloma working group (IMWG) uniform response criteria, version 2011, after this initial therapy.
• Female participants who:

Are postmenopausal for at least 1 year before the screening visit, OR Are surgically sterile, OR If they are of childbearing potential, agree to practice 2 effective methods of contraception, at the same time, from the time of signing the informed consent through 90 days after the last dose of study drug, or Agree to practice true abstinence, when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the participant. (Periodic abstinence [e.g., calendar, ovulation,symptothermal, postovulation methods] and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception.)

Male participants, even if surgically sterilized (i.e., status postvasectomy), who:

Agree to practice effective barrier contraception during the entire study Treatment period and through 90 days after the last dose of study drug, or Agree to practice true abstinence, when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the participant. (Periodic abstinence [e.g., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, postovulation methods for the female partner] and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception.)

• Voluntary written consent must be given before performance of any study-related procedure not part of standard medical care, with the understanding that consent may be withdrawn by the participant at any time without prejudice to future medical care.
• Has availability of complete documentation for:

• Details of initial disease state, initial therapy, and response
• Cytogenetic assessment at diagnosis (cytogenetic assessment performed after diagnosis must be approved by a Takeda project clinician or designee)
• International Staging System (ISS) staging at diagnosis (requiring beta 2-microglobulin and serum albumin results).
• Has Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0 to 2.
• Suitable venous access for the study-required blood sampling and consent for the specific amounts that will be taken.
• Participant is willing and able to adhere to the study visit schedule and other protocol requirements including blood sampling and bone marrow aspiration.
• Participants must meet the following clinical laboratory criteria at study entry:

• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥1,000/mm^3 without growth factor support and platelet count ≥ 75,000/mm^3. Platelet transfusions to help participants meet eligibility criteria are not allowed within 3 days before enrollment.

• Total bilirubin ≤1.5*the upper limit of the normal range (ULN). 3. Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase ≤3*ULN. 4. Calculated creatinine clearance ≥30 mL/min (using the Cockroft-Gault equation).

Exclusion criteria

• Has multiple myeloma that relapsed after, or was not responsive to, initial therapy.
• Had prior stem-cell transplantation (SCT).
• Has radiotherapy within 14 days before enrollment.
• Had been diagnosed or treated for another malignancy within 5 years before enrollment or previously diagnosed with another malignancy with evidence of residual disease. Participants with nonmelanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of any type are not excluded if they have undergone complete resection.
• Female participants who are lactating and breastfeeding or have a positive serum pregnancy test during the Screening period.
• Has major surgery within 14 days before enrollment.
• Has central nervous system involvement.
• Infection requiring intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy or other serious infection within 14 days before enrollment.
• Has diagnosis of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome, plasma cell leukemia, primary amyloidosis, myelodysplastic syndrome, or myeloproliferative syndrome.
• Evidence of current uncontrolled cardiovascular conditions, including uncontrolled hypertension, uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmias, uncontrolled congestive heart failure, unstable angina, or myocardial infarction within the past 6 months.
• Systemic treatment with strong cytochrome P450 (CYP3A) inducers (rifampin, rifapentine, rifabutin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital) or use of St. John's wort within 14 days before enrollment.
• Ongoing or active infection, known human immunodeficiency virus positive, active hepatitis B or C infection.
• Has comorbid systemic illnesses or other severe concurrent disease that, in the judgment of the investigator, would make the participant inappropriate for entry into this study or interfere significantly with the proper assessment of safety and toxicity of the prescribed regimens (e.g., peripheral neuropathy (PN) that is Grade 1 with pain or Grade 2 or higher of any cause).
• Psychiatric illness/social situation that would limit compliance with study requirements.
• Known allergy to any of the study medications, their analogues, or excipients in the various formulations of any agent.
• Inability to swallow oral medication, inability or unwillingness to comply with the drug administration requirements, or gastrointestinal (GI) procedure that could interfere with the oral absorption or tolerance of treatment.
• Treatment with any investigational products within 30 days before enrollment.