Study of Nilotinib as First Line Treatment in Philadelphia Chromosome Positive(Ph+) Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia in Chronic Phase (CML-CP)

This was a multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study of nilotinib as a frontline treatment for patients with Ph+ CMLCP. All patients received oral nilotinib 300 mg twice daily for a planned treatment duration of 24 months or until early discontinuation.

The primary efficacy end point was the cumulative rate of Major Molecular Response (MMR) in all participants by 12 months. Secondary efficacy end points included the rate of Complete Cytogenic Response (CCyR) at 6 and 12 months; cumulative rates of MMR up to 24 months; time to and durability of MMR; and cumulative rate of Complete Haematologic Response (CHR) by 12 months.

Patient evaluations, including hematologic assessments, were conducted every 15 days during the first 3 months, monthly until month 12, and then every 3 months until the end of the study (24 months). All efficacy analyses were performed in the intent-to treat population.

Inclusion criteria

• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1, or 2
• First cytogenetic diagnosis of CML-CP with cytogenetic confirmation of Philadelphia chromosome of (9;22) translocations within 6 months. Standard conventional cytogenetic analysis must be performed.
• Previously untreated for CML, except for hydroxyurea and/or anagrelide (except imatinib treatment for max. 31 days long)
• Adequate end organ function with following laboratory criteria: total bilirubin < 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN); alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) < 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN); creatinine < 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN); serum amylase and lipase ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN); alkaline phosphatase ≤ 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) unless considered tumor related
• Serum potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus levels are equal or above the lower limit of normal prior to the first dose of study medication

Exclusion criteria

• Treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitor(s) prior to study (in emergent cases where the patient requires disease management while awaiting study start, commercial supplies of imatinib at any dose may be prescribed to the patient but for no longer than 31 days in duration)
• Known cytopathologically confirmed Central Nervous System CNS infiltration
• Impaired cardiac function
• Severe or uncontrolled medical conditions (i.e. uncontrolled diabetes, active or uncontrolled infection)
• Acute or chronic liver, pancreatic or severe renal disease considered unrelated to disease
• Patients with another primary malignancy except if the other primary malignancy is neither currently clinically significant or requiring active intervention
• History of significant congenital or acquired bleeding disorder unrelated to cancer
• Previous radiotherapy to ≥25% of the bone marrow
• Impairment of gastrointestinal (GI) function or GI disease that may significantly alter the absorption of study drug (e.g., ulcerative disease, uncontrolled nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, malabsorption syndrome, small bowel resection, or gastric bypass surgery)
• Use of therapeutic coumarin derivatives (i.e. warfarin, acenocoumarol, phenprocoumon)
• Patients actively receiving therapy with strong Cytochrome P450 3A4 isoenzyme (CYP3A4) inhibitors (e.g, erythromycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, clarithromycin, telithromycin, ritonavir, mibefradil)
• Patients actively receiving therapy with medications that have the potential to prolong the QT interval and the treatment cannot be either discontinued or switched to a different medication prior to starting study drug

Other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply