Study of NBMI Treatment in Patients With Atypical Parkinsons (PSP or MSA)

For PSP specific scales (to study on PSP patients):- Progressive Supranuclear Palsy rating Scale is used as a quantitative measurement of disability in PSP patients. The available total score ranges from 0 (normal) to 100. Six items are rated on a 3-point scale (0-2) and 22 are rated on a 5-point scale (0-4). The History/Daily Activities area includes seven items with a total maximum of 24 points, the mentation area four items with 16 points, the bulbar area two items with 8 points, the ocular motor area four items with 16 points, the limb motor area six items with 16 points and the gait area five items with 20 points. Scores from each subscale is summed and combined to compute a total score. Higher values for each scale range provided represent worse outcome.

For PSP specific scales (to study on PSP patients):- Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) is a brief tool that can be used at the bedside or in a clinic setting to assist in discriminating between dementias with a frontal dysexecutive phenotype and Dementia of Alzheimer's Type (DAT). The FAB has validity in distinguishing Fronto-temporal type dementia from DAT in mildly demented patients (MMSE > 24). The 6 subtests of the FAB explore the following: conceptualization and abstract reasoning; mental flexibility; motor programming and executive control of action; resistance to interference; inhibitory control; and environmental autonomy. Each subtest is scored from 3 (better score) to 0, for a maximum score of 18. Scores from each subscale is summed and combined to compute a total score. Higher scores indicate better performance.

Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale (UMSARS) is a multimodal scale used to provide a surrogate measure of disease progression in multiple system atrophy. Components: Part I, historical, 12 items; Part II, motor examination, 14 items; Part III, autonomic examination (descriptive); and Part IV, global disability scale. Scale is used by physician who rates the average functional situation for the past 2 weeks (unless specified) according to the patient and caregiver interview. Scores are ranging from 0 to 104; higher scores indicate greater impairment. Rating scale includes autonomic symptoms (questions 9-12 - activities of daily living subscale [range 0-16]) and motor symptoms (questions 1-8 - activities of daily living subscale [range 0-32] and the UMSARS motor examination subscale, range 0-56), as well as their effect on activities of daily life (activities of daily living subscale, range 0-48). Scores from each subscale is summed and combined to compute a total score.

Non-Motor Symptoms assessment scale for Parkinson s disease assesses 9 domains: Cardiovascular (2 items); Sleep/fatigue (4 items); Mood/cognition (6 items); Perceptual problems/hallucinations (3 items); Attention/memory (3 items); Gastrointestinal tract (3 items); Urinary function (3 items); Sexual function (2 items); and Miscellaneous (4 items). Score for each item is based on a multiple of severity (from 0 to 3) and frequency scores (from 1 to 4). The scale can therefore capture symptoms that are severe but relatively infrequent and those that may be less severe but persistent. Scores from each subscale is summed and combined to compute a total score. Lower result indicates better health results.

MSA-QoL is a patient-rated health-related Quality of life scale for patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). It is designed to test its psychometric properties. Items are given a standard five response option format (0 - no problem to 4 - extreme problem), where higher scores indicate worse health results. The available total score ranges from 0 to 160 (there are 40 questions altogether).

MSA-QoL is a patient-rated health-related Quality of life scale for patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). Visual Analog score is designed to determine overall life satisfaction in patient with MSA. Scale is given response option format (0 - extremely unsatisfied with life 100 - extremely satisfied with life), where higher scores indicate better satisfaction/quality of life.

EuroQol (EQ-5D) is a standard Health related Quality of questionnaire scale that is completed by patient. It comprises from questions related to 5 different aspects of health such as mobility, self- care, usual activities, pain/ discomfort, anxiety/depression) and a visual health assessment scale completed by patient graphically. Visual scale has following range: 0 (worst possible state) - 100 (best possible state). A scale is completed by patients.

Parkinson's Disease Fatigue Score (PFS) is a fatigue rating scale that comprises from series of statements (16) about fatigue and the impact that it can have. Patients are asked to indicate how well the statements describe their feelings and experiences over the past two weeks. Maximal number of points is 80, lower results are indicating better health.

In MSA patients Beck's Depression Inventory will be used as a measure of depression in MSA patients. It is a patient reported scale.

Confidential: The information in this study protocol is legally privileged and confidential. Any disclosure, copying or distribution of the information contained within is strictly prohibited without written authorization from EmeraMed Ltd.

lower end indicate normal status. A maximum achievable score is 15, the cut off between depressed and not depressed subjects is around the score 5.

GDS is a 15-item self reported assessment tool designated to identify depression in the elderly, frequently used in clinical practise and research. Scale is completed by patients. The subjects answers questions with Yes or No, and the answers are scored by 0 and 1, respectively.

Confidential: The information in this study protocol is legally privileged and confidential. Any disclosure, copying or distribution of the information contained within is strictly prohibited without written authorization from EmeraMed Ltd.

lower end indicate normal status. A maximum achievable score is 15, the cut off between depressed and not depressed subjects is around the score 5.

Adverse Events (AEs) will be reported throughout the study. AEs will be classified as treatment - emergent adverse events if their start lies after the first dose of IMP and before End of the study or Early Discontinuation visit. AEs will be coded according to MeDRA (Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities), latest version. They will be tabulated, summarised and divided by treatment group. AEs tabulation will be done in descending order by event frequency per system organ class. Change from baseline will be calculated for laboratory values and vital signs. Safety clinical chemistry and haematology data that are below lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) will be treated as 50 % of the lower limit value.

Response will be defined as a change from baseline in any scale for more than 20 % or change for at least one category unit.

Changes from baseline in brain metabolism as evaluated with FDG PET CT brain imaging compared to placebo treatment

Changes from baseline in brain iron levels as detected with MRI imaging methods

Maximum Plasma Concentration [Cmax]Maximum drug concentration in the samples matrix obtained directly from the observed concentration versus time data.

Area Under the Curve [AUC) The area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time-zero to the time of the last quantifiable concentration; calculated using the linear trapezoidal rule.

Area Under the Curve [AUC)Area under the concentration-time curve from time-zero extrapolated to infinity calculated as AUC0-t + Clast/ λz.

Area Under the Curve [AUC)The residual area in percentage will be determined by the formula, [(AUC0-∞ - AUC0-t) / AUC0-∞] x 100.

Apparent terminal elimination half-life (h) determined as: ln2/ λz.

The terminal elimination rate constant; calculated using linear regression on the terminal portion of the plasma concentration versus time curve.

Time of maximum analyte concentration (h), obtained directly.