Study Evaluating Etanercept in 3 Subtypes of Childhood Arthritis

ACR Pedi 30 response: greater than or equal to (>=) 30% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of arthritis pain, 3) childhood health assessment questionnaire (CHAQ) 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein.

ACR Pedi 30 response: >= 30% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of arthritis pain, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein.

ACR Pedi 30 response: >= 30% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of arthritis pain, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein.

ACR Pedi 30 response: >= 30% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of arthritis pain, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein. Data are presented for Part 1 (up to 12 weeks) and Part 2 (up to 96 weeks).

ACR Pedi 30 response: >= 30% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of arthritis pain, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein.

ACR Pedi 50 response: >= 50% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 50 response: >= 50% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 50 response: >= 50% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 50 response: >= 50% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 70 response: >= 70% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 70 response: >= 70% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 70 response: >= 70% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 70 response: >= 70% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 90 response: >= 90% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 90 response: >= 90% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 90 response: >= 90% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 90 response: >= 90% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 100 response: 100% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 100 response: 100% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 100 response: 100% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

ACR Pedi 100 response: 100% improvement from baseline in 3 of 6 criteria with worsening > 30% in no more than 1 of 6 criteria: 1) physician's global assessment of disease activity, 2) parent/patient global assessment of disease activity, 3) CHAQ 4) number of active joints 5) number of joints with limited range of motion and 6) C-reactive protein at each visit.

PGA of Disease Activity was measured on a 21-circle Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 = no disease activity and 10= Maximum disease activity.

PGA of Disease Activity was measured on a 21-circle Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 = no disease activity and 10= Maximum disease activity.

PGA of Disease Activity was measured on a 21-circle Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 = no disease activity and 10= Maximum disease activity.

PGA of Disease Activity was measured on a 21-circle Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 = no disease activity and 10= Maximum disease activity.

Patient/Parent Global Assessment was assessed by the participant's parent using a 21-circle VAS ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 = very well and 10 = very poor.

Patient/Parent Global Assessment was assessed by the participant's parent using a 21-circle VAS ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 = very well and 10 = very poor.

Patient/Parent Global Assessment was assessed by the participant's parent using a 21-circle VAS ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 = very well and 10 = very poor.

Patient/Parent Global Assessment was assessed by the participant's parent using a 21-circle VAS ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 = very well and 10 = very poor.

Active joints: Joints that were swollen or, in absence of swelling, joints with limited motion with pain and/or tenderness. Joints were coded as: 0= no swelling, limitation of motion, or pain and/or tenderness on motion; 1= any swelling, limitation of motion, or pain and/or tenderness on motion; JR= joint replacement; NE= not evaluable. Total number of active joints= 73*(total number of active joints with counts > 0)/number of non-missing active joints. JR and NE were treated as missing. If > 36 active joint counts were missing, total number of active joints was defined as missing.

Active joints: Joints that were swollen or, in absence of swelling, joints with limited motion with pain and/or tenderness. Joints were coded as: 0= no swelling, limitation of motion, or pain and/or tenderness on motion; 1= any swelling, limitation of motion, or pain and/or tenderness on motion; JR= joint replacement; NE= not evaluable. Total number of active joints= 73*(total number of active joints with counts > 0)/number of non-missing active joints. JR and NE were treated as missing. If > 36 active joint counts were missing, total number of active joints was defined as missing.

Active joints: Joints that were swollen or, in absence of swelling, joints with limited motion with pain and/or tenderness. Joints were coded as: 0= no swelling, limitation of motion, or pain and/or tenderness on motion; 1= any swelling, limitation of motion, or pain and/or tenderness on motion; JR= joint replacement; NE= not evaluable. Total number of active joints= 73*(total number of active joints with counts > 0)/number of non-missing active joints. JR and NE were treated as missing. If > 36 active joint counts were missing, total number of active joints was defined as missing.

Active joints: Joints that were swollen or, in absence of swelling, joints with limited motion with pain and/or tenderness. Joints were coded as: 0= no swelling, limitation of motion, or pain and/or tenderness on motion; 1= any swelling, limitation of motion, or pain and/or tenderness on motion; JR= joint replacement; NE= not evaluable. Total number of active joints= 73*(total number of active joints with counts > 0)/number of non-missing active joints. JR and NE were treated as missing. If > 36 active joint counts were missing, total number of active joints was defined as missing.

The joints were assessed and coded as: 0= no limitation of motion; 1= any limitation of motion; JR= joint replacement; NE= not evaluable. Total number of joints with limitation of motion: 69*(total number of joints with counts of limitation of motion > 0)/number of non-missing limitation of motions. JR and NE were treated as missing. If > 34 counts of limitation of motion were missing, total number of joints with limitation of motion was defined as missing.

The joints were assessed and coded as: 0= no limitation of motion; 1= any limitation of motion; JR= joint replacement; NE= not evaluable. Total number of joints with limitation of motion: 69*(total number of joints with counts of limitation of motion > 0)/number of non-missing limitation of motions. JR and NE were treated as missing. If > 34 counts of limitation of motion were missing, total number of joints with limitation of motion was defined as missing.

The joints were assessed and coded as: 0= no limitation of motion; 1= any limitation of motion; JR= joint replacement; NE= not evaluable. Total number of joints with limitation of motion: 69*(total number of joints with counts of limitation of motion > 0)/number of non-missing limitation of motions. JR and NE were treated as missing. If > 34 counts of limitation of motion were missing, total number of joints with limitation of motion was defined as missing.

The joints were assessed and coded as: 0= no limitation of motion; 1= any limitation of motion; JR= joint replacement; NE= not evaluable. Total number of joints with limitation of motion: 69*(total number of joints with counts of limitation of motion > 0)/number of non-missing limitation of motions. JR and NE were treated as missing. If > 34 counts of limitation of motion were missing, total number of joints with limitation of motion was defined as missing.

The test for CRP is a laboratory measurement for evaluation of an acute phase reactant of inflammation. A decrease in the level of CRP indicates reduction in inflammation and therefore improvement.

The test for CRP is a laboratory measurement for evaluation of an acute phase reactant of inflammation. A decrease in the level of CRP indicates reduction in inflammation and therefore improvement.

The test for CRP is a laboratory measurement for evaluation of an acute phase reactant of inflammation. A decrease in the level of CRP indicates reduction in inflammation and therefore improvement.

The test for CRP is a laboratory measurement for evaluation of an acute phase reactant of inflammation. A decrease in the level of CRP indicates reduction in inflammation and therefore improvement.

Pain Assessment was assessed by the participant's parent using a 21-circle VAS ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 = no pain and 10 = very severe pain.

Pain Assessment was assessed by the participant's parent using a 21-circle VAS ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 = no pain and 10 = very severe pain.

Pain Assessment was assessed by the participant's parent using a 21-circle VAS ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 = no pain and 10 = very severe pain.

Pain Assessment was assessed by the participant's parent using a 21-circle VAS ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 = no pain and 10 = very severe pain.

Duration of morning stiffness was defined as the time elapsed when participant woke up in the morning and was able to resume normal activities without stiffness in minutes (If none was present = 0; If morning stiffness was continuing at the time of assessment or was unusual compared to the recent past, average of duration of stiffness over the past 3 days was reported; If stiffness persisted the entire day, 1440 minutes was recorded).

Duration of morning stiffness was defined as the time elapsed when participant woke up in the morning and was able to resume normal activities without stiffness in minutes (If none was present = 0; If morning stiffness was continuing at the time of assessment or was unusual compared to the recent past, average of duration of stiffness over the past 3 days was reported; If stiffness persisted the entire day, 1440 minutes was recorded).

Duration of morning stiffness was defined as the time elapsed when participant woke up in the morning and was able to resume normal activities without stiffness in minutes (If none was present = 0; If morning stiffness was continuing at the time of assessment or was unusual compared to the recent past, average of duration of stiffness over the past 3 days was reported; If stiffness persisted the entire day, 1440 minutes was recorded).

Duration of morning stiffness was defined as the time elapsed when participant woke up in the morning and was able to resume normal activities without stiffness in minutes (If none was present = 0; If morning stiffness was continuing at the time of assessment or was unusual compared to the recent past, average of duration of stiffness over the past 3 days was reported; If stiffness persisted the entire day, 1440 minutes was recorded).

Inactive disease was defined as no joints with active arthritis, a normal CRP, and a PGA of Disease Activity of 0 on a 21-circle VAS.

Inactive disease was defined as no joints with active arthritis, a normal CRP, and a PGA of Disease Activity of 0 on a 21-circle VAS.

Inactive disease was defined as no joints with active arthritis, a normal CRP, and a PGA of Disease Activity of 0 on a 21-circle VAS.

Inactive disease was defined as no joints with active arthritis, a normal CRP, and a PGA of Disease Activity of 0 on a 21-circle VAS.

CHAQ: parent-administered, valid assessment of functional disability, discomfort in pediatrics with rheumatic diseases. Parents report participants's ability to perform activities in 8 domains: dressing, arising, eating, walking,hygiene, each,grip,common activities distributed in total of 30 items.Each item is scored on 4-point Likert scale: 0=no difficulty;1=some difficulty;2=much difficulty;3=unable to do. Highest score reported for domain is score for that domain.Overall score = sum of domain scores divided by number of domains answered. Total score: 0=no difficulty to 3=extreme difficulty.

CHAQ: parent-administered, valid assessment of functional disability, discomfort in pediatrics with rheumatic diseases. Parents report participants's ability to perform activities in 8 domains: dressing, arising, eating, walking,hygiene, each,grip,common activities distributed in total of 30 items.Each item is scored on 4-point Likert scale: 0=no difficulty;1=some difficulty;2=much difficulty;3=unable to do. Highest score reported for domain is score for that domain.Overall score = sum of domain scores divided by number of domains answered. Total score: 0=no difficulty to 3=extreme difficulty.

CHAQ: parent-administered, valid assessment of functional disability, discomfort in pediatrics with rheumatic diseases. Parents report participants's ability to perform activities in 8 domains: dressing, arising, eating, walking,hygiene, each,grip,common activities distributed in total of 30 items.Each item is scored on 4-point Likert scale: 0=no difficulty;1=some difficulty;2=much difficulty;3=unable to do. Highest score reported for domain is score for that domain.Overall score = sum of domain scores divided by number of domains answered. Total score: 0=no difficulty to 3=extreme difficulty.

CHAQ: parent-administered, valid assessment of functional disability, discomfort in pediatrics with rheumatic diseases. Parents report participants's ability to perform activities in 8 domains: dressing, arising, eating, walking,hygiene, each,grip,common activities distributed in total of 30 items.Each item is scored on 4-point Likert scale: 0=no difficulty;1=some difficulty;2=much difficulty;3=unable to do. Highest score reported for domain is score for that domain.Overall score = sum of domain scores divided by number of domains answered. Total score: 0=no difficulty to 3=extreme difficulty.

Tender entheseal assessment: Entheses were assessed and coded as: 1= any tenderness, 0= no tenderness, NE= not evaluable. Total number of tender entheses: 66*(total number of tender entheses with counts > 0)/number of non-missing tender entheses. If > 33 tender entheseal counts were missing, total number of tender entheses was defined as missing.

Overall back pain assessed by participant's parent using a 100 millimeter (mm) VAS with 0 mm= no pain and 100 mm= most severe pain.

Nocturnal back pain assessed by participant's parent using a 100 mm VAS with 0 mm = no pain and 100 mm = most severe pain.

Modified Schober's Test: A mark was placed in the midpoint of a line that joined the posterior superior iliac spines. Another mark was placed 10 centimeter (cm) above the first. The participant then bent maximally forward with the knees fully extended. The distance between the two marks was then re-measured. The full measurement between the two lines was recorded to the nearest tenth of a centimeter.

Percentage of body surface area affected by psoriasis was estimated using the palm method: one of the participant's palm to proximal interphalangeal and thumb= 1 percent (%) of BSA. Regions of the body were assigned specific number of palms with percentage [Head and neck= 10% (10 palms), upper extremities= 20% (20 palms), Trunk (axillae and groin)= 30% (30 palms), lower extremities (buttocks)= 40% (40 palms)]. The total BSA affected was the summation of individual regions affected.

PGA of Psoriasis assessed the amount of induration, erythema, and scaling averaged over all psoriatic lesions on a scale of 0 to 5. 0 (no psoriasis) to 5 (severe disease). 'Clear' and "Almost clear' includes all participants who were scored as a 0 or 1.

An AE was any untoward medical occurrence attributed to study drug in a participant who received study drug. Number of participants reporting adverse events included medically important infections, infections considered preventable by vaccination, injection site reactions (ISRS), malignancies, adverse events, excluding infections and injection site reactions, infections and serious adverse events including infections.

An AE was any untoward medical occurrence attributed to study drug in a participant who received study drug. Number of participants reporting adverse events included medically important infections, infections considered preventable by vaccination, injection site reactions (ISRS), malignancies, adverse events, excluding infections and injection site reactions, infections and serious adverse events including infections.

An AE was any untoward medical occurrence attributed to study drug in a participant who received study drug. Number of participants reporting adverse events included medically important infections, infections considered preventable by vaccination, injection site reactions (ISRS), malignancies, adverse events, excluding infections and injection site reactions, infections and serious adverse events including infections.

An AE was any untoward medical occurrence attributed to study drug in a participant who received study drug. Number of participants reporting adverse events included medically important infections, infections considered preventable by vaccination, injection site reactions (ISRS), malignancies, adverse events, excluding infections and injection site reactions, infections and serious adverse events including infections.

Tanner assessment score: used to document the stage of development of secondary sexual characteristics. Female pubertal development staged by pubic hair development and breast size; male pubertal development staged by size of the genitalia and development of pubic hair. Rated in 5 stages: stage 1 (no development) to 5 (adult-like development in quantity and size).

Tanner assessment score: used to document the stage of development of secondary sexual characteristics. Female pubertal development staged by pubic hair development and breast size; male pubertal development staged by size of the genitalia and development of pubic hair. Rated in 5 stages: stage 1 (no development) to 5 (adult-like development in quantity and size).

Tanner assessment score: used to document the stage of development of secondary sexual characteristics. Female pubertal development staged by pubic hair development and breast size; male pubertal development staged by size of the genitalia and development of pubic hair. Rated in 5 stages: stage 1 (no development) to 5 (adult-like development in quantity and size).

Tanner assessment score: used to document the stage of development of secondary sexual characteristics. Female pubertal development staged by pubic hair development and breast size; male pubertal development staged by size of the genitalia and development of pubic hair. Rated in 5 stages: stage 1 (no development) to 5 (adult-like development in quantity and size).

Standing height was taken as a mean of 3 consecutive measurements using a wall mounted stadiometer. Z-Score was a statistical measure to evaluate how a single data point compares to a standard. It described whether a mean was above or below the standard and how unusual the measurement is with range from -3 to +3; 0 =same mean, >0 a greater mean, and <0 a lesser mean than the standard. Growth parameters were compared to a standard defined by Centers for Disease Control's growth charts.

Standing height was taken as a mean of 3 consecutive measurements using a wall mounted stadiometer. Z-Score was a statistical measure to evaluate how a single data point compares to a standard. It described whether a mean was above or below the standard and how unusual the measurement is with range from -3 to +3; 0 =same mean, >0 a greater mean, and <0 a lesser mean than the standard. Growth parameters were compared to a standard defined by Centers for Disease Control's growth charts.

Standing height was taken as a mean of 3 consecutive measurements using a wall mounted stadiometer. Z-Score was a statistical measure to evaluate how a single data point compares to a standard. It described whether a mean was above or below the standard and how unusual the measurement is with range from -3 to +3; 0 =same mean, >0 a greater mean, and <0 a lesser mean than the standard. Growth parameters were compared to a standard defined by Centers for Disease Control's growth charts.

Standing height was taken as a mean of 3 consecutive measurements using a wall mounted stadiometer. Z-Score was a statistical measure to evaluate how a single data point compares to a standard. It described whether a mean was above or below the standard and how unusual the measurement is with range from -3 to +3; 0 =same mean, >0 a greater mean, and <0 a lesser mean than the standard. Growth parameters were compared to a standard defined by Centers for Disease Control's growth charts.

Weight was taken as a mean of 3 consecutive measurements using a medical electronic scale. Z-Score was a statistical measure to evaluate how a single data point compares to a standard. It described whether a mean was above or below the standard and how unusual the measurement is with range from -3 to +3; 0 =same mean, >0 a greater mean, and <0 a lesser mean than the standard. Growth parameters were compared to a standard defined by Centers for Disease Control's growth charts.

Weight was taken as a mean of 3 consecutive measurements using a medical electronic scale. Z-Score was a statistical measure to evaluate how a single data point compares to a standard. It described whether a mean was above or below the standard and how unusual the measurement is with range from -3 to +3; 0 =same mean, >0 a greater mean, and <0 a lesser mean than the standard. Growth parameters were compared to a standard defined by Centers for Disease Control's growth charts.

Weight was taken as a mean of 3 consecutive measurements using a medical electronic scale. Z-Score was a statistical measure to evaluate how a single data point compares to a standard. It described whether a mean was above or below the standard and how unusual the measurement is with range from -3 to +3; 0 =same mean, >0 a greater mean, and <0 a lesser mean than the standard. Growth parameters were compared to a standard defined by Centers for Disease Control's growth charts.

Weight was taken as a mean of 3 consecutive measurements using a medical electronic scale. Z-Score was a statistical measure to evaluate how a single data point compares to a standard. It described whether a mean was above or below the standard and how unusual the measurement is with range from -3 to +3; 0 =same mean, >0 a greater mean, and <0 a lesser mean than the standard. Growth parameters were compared to a standard defined by Centers for Disease Control's growth charts.

BMI was used to measure body fat based on height and weight. It was calculated by body weight (kg)/height (m) squared. Z-Score was a statistical measure to evaluate how a single data point compares to a standard. It described whether a mean was above or below the standard and how unusual the measurement is with range from -3 to +3; 0 =same mean, >0 a greater mean, and <0 a lesser mean than the standard. Growth parameters were compared to a standard defined by Centers for Disease Control's growth charts.

BMI was used to measure body fat based on height and weight. It was calculated by body weight (kg)/height (m) squared. Z-Score was a statistical measure to evaluate how a single data point compares to a standard. It described whether a mean was above or below the standard and how unusual the measurement is with range from -3 to +3; 0 =same mean, >0 a greater mean, and <0 a lesser mean than the standard. Growth parameters were compared to a standard defined by Centers for Disease Control's growth charts.

BMI was used to measure body fat based on height and weight. It was calculated by body weight (kg)/height (m) squared. Z-Score was a statistical measure to evaluate how a single data point compares to a standard. It described whether a mean was above or below the standard and how unusual the measurement is with range from -3 to +3; 0 =same mean, >0 a greater mean, and <0 a lesser mean than the standard. Growth parameters were compared to a standard defined by Centers for Disease Control's growth charts.

BMI was used to measure body fat based on height and weight. It was calculated by body weight (kg)/height (m) squared. Z-Score was a statistical measure to evaluate how a single data point compares to a standard. It described whether a mean was above or below the standard and how unusual the measurement is with range from -3 to +3; 0 =same mean, >0 a greater mean, and <0 a lesser mean than the standard. Growth parameters were compared to a standard defined by Centers for Disease Control's growth charts.