Strengthening Adolescent-Adult Networks to Reduce Youth Violence

Attendance recorded at beginning and end of each session. Calculated as a proportion of total number of sessions attended (possible session attended #: 0-12 for youth participants and 0-9 for adult participants) using the following method (# youth at session 1 + # youth at session 2 + …)/(# of youth participants x12 sessions) and (# adults at session 1 + # adults at session 2 + …)/(# of adult participants x9 sessions). The possible proportion attended ranges from 0-1.

At the end of the program, participants will be asked about how satisfied they were overall with the topics discussed and format of the program using 5-point Likert scale items. Means score will be calculated across the items (possible range: 1-5; higher score means higher satisfaction). This data was collected for the Strengthening Connections for change intervention groups only.

At the end of each of the 12 sessions, participants will be asked about how satisfied they were with the topics discussed for that session using 5-point Likert scale items. A mean score will be calculated by taking the average of the responses on session forms completed by each youth across all time points (i.e., Session 1 Mean Score + Session 2 Mean Score + Session 3 Mean score +.../ 12 sessions) (possible range: 1-5; higher score means higher satisfaction). This data was collected for the Strengthening Connections for change intervention groups only.

Participants will complete an abbreviated social network survey that asks them to identify key sources of emotional and instrumental support, and to characterize the nature of these relationships (network size, network density, mean link strength).

Summary score of past 30-day youth violence perpetration adapted from the Aggressive Behavior--SAGE Baseline survey (9 items, each measured on a 5-point frequency scale from 0 times to 7 or more times). Violence perpetration items will be added to create a summary violence perpetration score with 1 point for each response of at least 1 time (possible range: 0-9; lower score indicates better outcome).

Summary score of past 30-day youth violence victimization adapted from the Victimization--Problem Behavior Frequency Scale (9 items, each measured on a 5-point frequency scale from 0 times to 7 or more times). Violence victimization items will be added to create a summary violence victimization score with 1 point for each response of at least 1 time (possible range: 0-9; lower score indicates better outcome).

Modified from the Children's Perception of Environmental Violence Scale, 6 items assessed on 5-point Likert scale, calculated as a mean score (possible range 1-5; lower score indicates better outcome).

Modified from the Healthy Pathways Child-Report Scales: Active Coping Scale, 7 items assessed on 5-point Likert scale, calculated as a mean score (possible range 1-5; higher score indicates better outcome).

Modified from the California Healthy Kids Survey, 7 items assessed on 5-point Likert scale, calculated as a mean score (possible range 1-5; higher score indicates better outcome).