Strength Training Exercises to Minimise Late Effects of Childhood Leukaemia or Lymphoma Among Adolescents

Measured in Nm based on tests of knee extension and flexion and elbow extension and flexion using handheld dynamometry

We will use the Danish version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™) 4.0 Generic Core scales and the PedsQL™ Multidimensional Fatigue scales (5,9) to assess health-related quality of life. The PedsQL is a brief 23-item measurement model that evaluates quality of life in four areas: physical, emotional, social and school functioning. The questionnaire scores range from 0 to 100, and higher scores indicate better quality of life. The PedsQL™ Multidimensional Fatigue includes 18 questions related to fatigue and uses the same scoring as the PedsQL

We will assess participants' step counts throughout the intervention using a Garmin vívosmart® 5 watch (Garmin Ltd., Kansas, USA).

We will assess participants' caloric expenditure (KCAL) throughout the intervention using a Garmin vívosmart® 5 watch (Garmin Ltd., Kansas, USA).

we will test the 1 repetition maximum (RM) in the leg press and chest press machines

We will measure the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine (L1-L4) calculated as the Z-score and body composition (%body fat, lean body mass, and skeletal muscle mass) by a dual-energy-X-ray absorptiometry scanner located at each hospital.

Using a digital hand dynamometer, we will measure continuous isometric handgrip force and rate of force development.

We will use a 30-second sit-to-stand test to evaluate strength, endurance, and rate of force development of the lower extremities.

We will perform a 6-minute walk test to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness and walking endurance

Exercise compliance and fidelity will be measured using training diaries, which the participants fill out themselves after the unsupervised training sessions and by the physiotherapist during the supervised training sessions. Exercise compliance relates to whether the training sessions have been performed, and fidelity relates to whether the exercises have been performed as prescribed regarding the number of repetitions, sets, and intensity.

Adverse events will be collected throughout the trial and graded 1 to 5 according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.03. Participants are asked to contact the responsible clinician at the hospital where they were enrolled as soon as they experience any adverse event.

We will use a 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable) Numerical Rating Scale to assess movement-evoked pain during the past week

We will assess participant satisfaction with their respective intervention using a 5-point rank scale ranging from 'very dissatisfied' to 'very satisfied'.

Analysed from a blood sample and measured in mmol/L

Analysed from a blood sample and measured in mmol/mol

Analysed from a blood sample and measured in mU/L

Analysed from a blood sample and measured in ng/mL

Analysed from a blood sample and measured in mmol/L

Analysed from a blood sample and measured in mmol/L

Analysed from a blood sample and measured in mmol/L

Analysed from a blood sample and measured in mmol/L

Analysed from a blood sample and measured in mmol/L

Analysed from a blood sample and measured in pg/mL

Calculated as fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L x fasting plasma glucose ((μU/L)/22.5) to estimate β-cell function (HOMA-B) and insulin-resistance (HOMA-IR2)

Measured as kg/m² for adolescents aged 18 or 19 years and BMI standard deviation (SD) scores for children aged 10-17 years based on national reference material.

Measured in kilograms based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

Measured in kilograms based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

Measured in kilograms based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) adjusted for sex and pubertal stage

Measured in centimetres

Visual illustration of Tanner staging (I-V) regarding both genders

Measured in mmHg