STICH3C Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Observational Study

iLVSD (ischemic left ventricular dysfunction) is a leading cause of heart failure (HF) and death. It is widely treated via coronary revascularization despite limited understanding of determinants of revascularization response.

"Viability" imaging (to differentiate infarcted from salvageable myocardium) has been widely touted as an effective means to predict revascularization response. However prior multicenter trials have derived negative conclusions using heterogenous data with respect to both image modality and analysis.

Data by our investigators and others indicate that infarct transmurality on CMR strongly impacts remodeling and prognosis after coronary revascularization. The investigators have also developed new methods (dark-blood late gadolinium enhancement-CMR) to assess infarction and shown ischemia (hypoperfusion) and non-ischemic substrate on CMR to strongly impact LV remodeling. Despite conceptual rationale, utility of multiparametric CMR to elucidate mechanism and determinants of remodeling and differential outcomes after percutaneous and surgical revascularization of iLVSD has yet to be tested.

This prospective study will test the hypothesis that residual jeopardized (viable but hypoperfused) myocardium, LGE, and non-ischemic substrate after coronary revascularization (by PCI or CABG) is associated with postoperative adverse cardiovascular events

Inclusion criteria

• Men and women ≥ 18 years old
• LVEF ≤ 40% (quantified by echo, single-photon emission computed tomography [SPECT], or CMR within 2 months of enrollment)
• Prognostically important CAD: either multivessel CAD (triple vessel or double vessel CAD including left anterior descendant artery (LAD), significant coronary stenosis defined as ≥ 70% based on coronary angiography, fractional flow reserve (FFR) ≤ 0.80 or instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) ≤ 0.89) or left main disease (+/- other CAD) for which significant stenosis defined as > 50% based on coronary angiography, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) minimum luminal area [MLA] value ≤ 6.0 mm2 (< 4.5 mm2 Asian descent), or equivalent optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements.
• Planned CABG or PCI within 3 months

Exclusion criteria

• Concomitant valve disease or other condition (e.g., LV aneurysm) requiring surgical repair or replacement
• Contraindication to CMR (i.e. magnetically activated materials), gadolinium, regadenoson/adenosine/dipyridamole
• Active neoplasm and/or severe end-organ dysfunction with expected life expectancy less than 5 years.

-