Standard Antibiotic Versus Enhanced Prophylactic Measures on Rate of Urinary Tract Infection After Flexible Ureteroscopy

Background and aim: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are commonly seen after flexible ureteroscopy. Prevention of UTIs remains controversial. The present randomized study aimed to compare the rate of post-procedural UTI in patients subjected to the standard antibiotic prophylaxis alone versus enhanced prophylactic measures.

Patients and methods: The study included 100 patients subjected to fURS for management of ureteral and/or renal stones. Patients were equally and randomly allocated into one of the two treatment groups using randomly computer-generated allocation tables and concealed envelope technique. Treatment groups included standard antibiotic prophylaxis group and enhanced prophylaxis group. Patients in the standard antibiotic prophylaxis group IV fluoroquinolone 1 hour preoperatively and oral antibiotics were used for 24h postoperatively. In the enhanced prophylaxis group, patients had urine culture 10 days before the procedure. In addition to the antibiotic prophylaxis, hydrophilic-coated ureteral access sheaths were systematically used.