Specialized Proresolving Mediators in Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia

Pneumocystis pneumonia is a severe fungal disease threatening immunosuppressed subjects such as patients suffering from AIDS, oncohematological diseases or solid organ transplanted patients. The disease is characterized by an important inflammation in the infected lungs which is mainly responsible for lungs lesions. Despite an adequate treatment introduction, mortality is still around 20% which can not be explained by a treatment resistance. Specialized proresolving mediators (SPM), including lipoxins, maresins, protectins and resolvins, are newly described molecules implicated in the active process of inflammation resolution. The investigators hypothesis in this study is that high levels of SPM could be predictive of a good resolution of the harmful inflammation, thus a good evolution of the disease, in adequate pneumocystosis therapy conditions. On the contrary, low levels of SPM could be predictive of an unfavourable outcome despite a treatment targeting Pneumocystis jirovecii

Inclusion criteria

• Patient over 18 years old
• Patient with a social security cover.
• Free and informed oral consent given.
• Pneumocystis infection or colonization diagnosed on BAL (Broncho-alveolar liquid) or sputum at Toulouse University hospital Mycology laboratory.
• Adequate Pneumocystis therapy for infected patients (cotrimoxazole).

Exclusion criteria

• individuals placed under juridical protection,
• individuals placed under guardianship, or supervision.
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding.