SPAGO: Sirolimus Paclitaxel Angiographic Gain Objective

This is a prospective, randomized, multicenter, no-profit and post-market study in subjects with small vessels, i.e. at least one de novo lesion in a small vessel (>2.00 mm and ≤3.00). Vessel size is evaluated by visual estimation. It is possible to include only one study lesion per patient. For the purposes of this study, in cases of diffuse coronary artery disease where overlapped DCB are utilized for the treatment of the lesion, this will be considered as a single lesion. In case of a successful predilatation (i.e. no major (type D, E, F) angiographic dissections, residual stenosis ≤ 30% and TIMI flow = 3), the subject will be randomized in a 1:1 fashion to SelutionTM or SeQuent Please NeoTM. Randomization will be stratified according to DCB length (< 30 mm or ≥ 30 mm) in order to include at least 100 patients treated with DCB of 30 mm or longer. Measurements of intramyocardial resistances, after lesion preparation prior to DCB treatment and after DCB treatment (2 measurements), will be limited to a maximum of 100 lesions treated with DCB ≥ 30 mm. Given the lack of literature data on intramyocardial resistance measurements, a minimum of 100 subjects is considered necessary to provide an initial evaluation of these parameters. With a total sample size of 140 patients for the study, it will be allowed to enroll up to 40 patients treated with DCB < 30 mm. Once this limit is reached, only patients treated with DCB ≥ 30 mm will be enrolled while maintaining a 1:1 randomization ratio. During the index procedure, it is possible to treat other not study lesions (if applicable) with any other commercial device (e.g. drug-eluting stent) if they are located in a different epicardial territory than the study target lesion. All not studylesions should be treated prior to study target lesion procedure, and should be successful and uncomplicated.

Follow-up by phone call will occur at 1 and 6 months post-PCI. At 12 months all subjects will perform an angiographic follow up at the same site where the index procedure was performed. Quantitative Coronary Angiography (QCA) assessment will be performed at baseline (pre- and post-procedure) and on follow up angiography by the imaging core lab. FFR assessment will be performed at the time of follow-up angiography.

All subjects must receive dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT), being aspirin (ASA) and P2Y12 inhibition therapy for at least 1 month after drug coated balloon PCI or according to standard local practice (with the choice of agent left to the discretion of the investigator), followed by ASA monotherapy indefinitely. However, in case the subject had recent ACS or is receiving additional drug-eluting stents, DAPT must be given according to local standard of care.

Inclusion criteria

• Male or female subjects ≥18 years
• Subject with chronic stable angina or stabilized acute coronary syndromes with normal cardiac biomarker values.
• The subject has at least one de-novo lesion in a small vessel (>2.00 mm and ≤3.00 mm prior to pre-dilatation) with a diameter stenosis between 50% and 99% (prior to pre-dilatation). It is possible to enroll subjects that have a stent previously implanted in the same epicardial territory (main vessel and ramifications) of the target lesion
• Patients with target lesion to be treated with DCB < 30 mm in length (up to 40 patients) or with DCB ≥ 30 mm in length (at least 100 patients)
• Able to understand and provide informed consent and comply with all study procedures including 12 months angiographic follow-up
• Subject must have completed the follow-up phase of any previous study

Exclusion criteria

• Subject is a woman who is pregnant or nursing (a pregnancy test must be performed within 7 days prior to the index procedure in women of child-bearing potential)
• Evidence of ongoing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in ECG and/or elevated cardiac biomarkers (according to local standard hospital practice) have not returned within normal limits at the time of procedure
• Known contraindication or hypersensitivity to sirolimus, paclitaxel, or to medications such as aspirin, heparin, and all of the following four medications: clopidogrel bisulfate, ticlopidine, prasugrel, ticagrelor
• Subjects who experienced a previous PCI with DCB in the epicardial territory (main vessel and ramifications) where the target lesion is located, during the last 12 months
• Subject suffered from stroke/TIA during the last 6 months
• LVEF <30%
• Platelet count <100,000 cells/mm3 or >400,000 cells/mm3, a WBC of <3,000 cells/mm3, or documented or suspected liver disease (including laboratory evidence of hepatitis)
• Known renal insufficiency (e.g. serum creatinine >2,5 mg/dL, creatinine clearance ≤30 mL/min or eGFR ≤30 mL/min/m2), or subject on dialysis, or acute kidney failure (as per physician judgment)
• Subject undergoing planned surgery within 1 month with the necessity to stop DAPT
• History of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy
• The subject is a recipient of a heart transplant
• Concurrent medical condition with a life expectancy of less than 12 months
• The subject is unwilling/not able to return for angiographic re-catheterisation at 12 months follow-up
• Currently participating in another trial

Angiographic exclusion criteria:

• Target vessel size >3.00 mm
• Target vessel size ≤2.00 mm
• Target lesion has a diameter stenosis < 50% prior to pre-dilatation
• Target lesion has a total occlusion or TIMI flow < 2 prior to pre-dilatation
• Pre-dilatation of the target lesion not performed or not successful (residual stenosis > 30%, TIMI flow < 3 and presence of major angiographic dissections)
• Target lesion in left main stem
• The target vessel contains visible thrombus
• Aorto-ostial target lesion (within 3 mm of the aorta junction)
• Lesion is located within an arterial or saphenous vein graft or distal to a diseased arterial or saphenous vein graft