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Active, Not Recruiting

NCT Number: NCT07146958

Soup and Bread Recipe Impacts on Ingestive Behavior

The goal of the study is to determine the likability of seeds incorporated into lunch foods. The study will provide a better understanding of ways to make recipe alterations that may promote health and fullness.

Active, Not Recruiting

This study is active but is not currently recruiting participants.

Key information

Conditions

Obesity &Amp; Overweight Body Weight Nutrition Disorders Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases Obesity Overnutrition Overweight Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Signs and Symptoms

Age range

25 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center

Beltsville, Maryland, 20705, United States

About this study

The objective of this study is to investigate the likability and potential satisfying effects of seed-enhanced foods. Seed consumption, owing to its high nutritional and functional characteristics, has become popular in recent years. Chia seeds, tiny edible seeds also known as Salvia hispanica L., are derived from a plant of the Lamiaceae family that grows in arid or semiarid climates. Hemp seeds are derived from the hemp plant Cannabis sativa. Although these seeds may seem different in appearance and taste, they share many similarities regarding their nutritional/health benefits. These seeds are a rich source of essential fatty acids (omega-3 and omega-6) and antioxidants. In addition, both chia and hemp seeds are sources of plant-based protein. Seeds also contain dietary fiber, which is essential to keep the digestive system healthy. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that adults consume 22-34 grams of fiber daily depending on age and sex. However, more than 90% of women and 97% of men do not meet the recommended fiber intake. Several studies in the past have shown the beneficial impact of supplementation with high-fiber foods exerting positive effects on appetite control and short-term satiety. Chia seeds are rich in soluble fiber that helps to lower cholesterol and delay starch digestion potentially impacting appetite and satiety. Various studies have reported the beneficial effects of chia seed consumption on cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension. Only a few studies have been conducted to investigate the satiating effects of chia or hemp seeds. These studies have mostly examined the influence of chia seed or hemp seeds as a mid-morning snack on short-term satiety and energy intake. No studies have examined how the use of chia or hemp seeds as a lunch meal ingredient could impact satiety. Therefore, the main objective of the present study is to investigate likability and potential satisfying effects of seed-enhanced foods.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

-

Exclusion criteria

  • Younger than 25 years
  • Known (self-reported) allergy or adverse reaction to study foods
  • Women who have given birth during the previous 12 months or who are pregnant/lactating or who plan to become pregnant over the upcoming 6 months (which will overlap with the study period)
  • Presence of diabetes, diverticulitis (inflammation of the large intestine), colitis (inflammation of the colon), celiac disease, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome, gastrointestinal disease, pancreatic disease
  • History of bariatric surgery or other weight control surgery
  • Removal of a portion of the stomach or gastrointestinal tract
  • Actively trying to gain or lose weight at the time of the study recruitment or planning to gain or lose weight during the study periods
  • Diminished sense of taste and/or smell
  • Anorexia Nervosa and/or Bulimia
  • Smoking, vaping, or use of tobacco products in the past 3 months
  • Suspected or known physiological/mechanical gastrointestinal (GI) obstruction
  • Use of certain medications or supplements (prescription or over-the-counter) that may interfere with the study objectives
  • Unable or unwilling to give informed consent or communicate with study staff
  • Self-report of alcohol or substance abuse within the past 12 months and/or current treatment for these problems (long-term participation in Alcoholics Anonymous is not an exclusion)
  • Other medical, psychiatric, or behavioral factors that in the judgment of the Principal Investigator may interfere with study participation or the ability to follow the study plan

Treatment and study plan

Chia Seeds

Other

Chia seeds will be added to soup and bread recipes.

Hemp Seeds

Other

Hemp seeds will be added to soup and bread recipes.

Placebo

Other

The placebo will be food items that are not enriched with the intervention products.

Primary outcomes

  1. Lunch food intake

    Time frame: 30 minutes after the start of the intervention

    Mass of food eaten at lunch, weighed in grams

  2. Feelings of hunger

    Time frame: 30 minutes post treatment

    Visual Analogue Scale assessment of hunger, assessed by participants placing a mark on a line, measured as millimeters across the line, with larger values meaning more hungry. To answer the question "How hungry do you feel?" one end of the line will be labeled "I am not hungry at all" and the other end of the line will be labeled "I have never been more hungry." This question is part of a validated ingestive behavior questionnaire.

  3. Feelings of satisfaction

    Time frame: 30 minutes post intervention

    Visual analogue scale assessment of meal satisfaction, assessed by participants placing a mark on a line, measured as millimeters across the line, with larger values meaning more satisfied. To answer the question "How satisfied do you feel?" one end of the line will be labeled "I am completely empty" and the other end of the line will be labeled "I cannot eat another bite." This question is part of a validated ingestive behavior questionnaire.

  4. Feelings of fullness

    Time frame: 30 minutes post intervention

    Visual analogue scale assessment of fullness, assessed by participants placing a mark on a line, measured as millimeters across the line, with larger values meaning more full. To answer the question "How full do you feel?" one end of the line will be labeled "Not at all full" and the other end of the line will be labeled "Totally full." This question is part of a validated ingestive behavior questionnaire.

  5. Ability to consume more food

    Time frame: 30 minutes post intervention

    Visual analogue scale assessment of ability to consume more food, assessed by participants placing a mark on a line, measured as millimeters across the line, with larger values meaning more able to eat more food. To answer the question "How much do you think you can eat?" one end of the line will be labeled "Nothing at all" and the other end of the line will be labeled "A lot." This question is part of a validated ingestive behavior questionnaire.

  6. Desire to eat something sweet

    Time frame: 30 minutes post intervention

    Visual analogue scale assessment of desire to consume something sweet, assessed by participants placing a mark on a line, measured as millimeters across the line, with larger values meaning more greater desire to eat something sweet. To answer the question "Would you like to eat something sweet?" one end of the line will be labeled "Yes, very much" and the other end of the line will be labeled "No, not at all." This question is part of a validated ingestive behavior questionnaire.

  7. Desire to eat something salty

    Time frame: 30 minutes post intervention

    Visual analogue scale assessment of desire to consume something salty, assessed by participants placing a mark on a line, measured as millimeters across the line, with larger values meaning more greater desire to eat something salty. To answer the question "Would you like to eat something salty?" one end of the line will be labeled "Yes, very much" and the other end of the line will be labeled "No, not at all." This question is part of a validated ingestive behavior questionnaire.

  8. Desire to eat something savory

    Time frame: 30 minutes post intervention

    Visual analogue scale assessment of desire to consume something savory, assessed by participants placing a mark on a line, measured as millimeters across the line, with larger values meaning more greater desire to eat something savory. To answer the question "Would you like to eat something savory?" one end of the line will be labeled "Yes, very much" and the other end of the line will be labeled "No, not at all." This question is part of a validated ingestive behavior questionnaire.

  9. Desire to eat something fatty

    Time frame: 30 minutes post intervention

    Visual analogue scale assessment of desire to consume something fatty, assessed by participants placing a mark on a line, measured as millimeters across the line, with larger values meaning more greater desire to eat something fatty. To answer the question "Would you like to eat something fatty?" one end of the line will be labeled "Yes, very much" and the other end of the line will be labeled "No, not at all." This question is part of a validated ingestive behavior questionnaire.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

USDA Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center

Fed

Registry information

Official study title

Voluntary Intake of Seed Enhanced Lunch Foods

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Aug 28, 2025
Registry last updated
Apr 28, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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