Social Prescribing and Relationship Cognitive Strategies (SPARCS)

This is an 8-item self-report survey which assesses participant satisfaction with services received.

SCORING: Items 2, 4, 5, and 8 are reverse scored. Total scores range from 8 to 32, with the higher number indicating greater satisfaction.

This is a 9-item, self-report study-specific questionnaire that assesses how much participants were helped by the combined study interventions on various cognitive and behavioral factors that impact loneliness. Questions use a 6-point Likert scale where 0 = "Not applicable/Did not work on this" and 6 = "Made things a lot better." SCORING: Scores will range from 0 to 45, with higher scores indicating greater helpfulness.

This consists of 20 items using 4-point Likert-type response anchors from never feel this way (0) - often feel this way (3) (9 items are reverse coded) for a score range from 10 to 80.

The CAT-SS is based on multidimensional item response theory (MIRT). Within computer adaptive testing, an individuals' initial item responses are used to determine a provisional estimate of their standing on the measured trait to be used for subsequent item selection. MIRT weighs more severe items more heavily than less severe items in deriving a test score, and provides an estimate of uncertainty that can be used to assess the significance of change for an individual. The measure adaptively selects an average of 10 items per administration from a large bank of approximately 1,000 items. Instead of fixing the items and allowing the precision of measurement to vary, this measure fixes the precision of measurement and allow the items to vary. As a result, measurement is more precise and less burdensome compared with fixed-item standardized measures of suicidal ideation.

The target for this goal = 75%.

The Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS) is a self-report 21-item scale that assesses thoughts, plans and intent to commit suicide. All items are rated on a three-point scale (0 to 2). Total scores could range from 0 to 42. No specific cut-off scores exist to classify severity. Higher scores reflect greater suicide risk.

This is a 15-item questionnaire that participants answer from not at all (1) to very true (7).

There is a score range from 15-105 with a higher score indicating higher perceived burdensomeness.

There are 6 items that are reverse coded.

This is a 12-item measure that assesses the perceived availability of social support from family, friends, and others. Each statement is scored using a 4-point scale (definitely false, probably false, probably true, definitely true) to measure subscales of appraisal, belonging, and tangible support. All items are summed to a total score ranging from 0 to 36 with higher scores indicating greater perceived social support.

The PHQ-9 is a 9-item self-report measure that assesses the frequency of symptoms of major depressive disorder. Response options range from 0 ("not at all") to 3 (nearly every day). Total scores on the PHQ-9 range from 0-27 with greater scores indicating greater frequency of depressive symptoms.

The 7-item GAD-7 will measure symptoms of anxiety. Items are scored 0-3, resulting in a total score of 0-21. Higher scores indicate more symptoms of anxiety.

The SF-12 covers domains including: (1) physical functioning; (2) role-physical; (3) bodily pain; (4) general health; (5) vitality; (6) social functioning; (7) role emotional; and (8) mental health. Summary scores are calculated by summing factor-weighted scores across all 8 subscales, with factor weights derived from a US-based general population sample. Physical and Mental Health Composite Scores (PCS & MCS) are computed using the scores of twelve questions and range from 0 to 100, where a zero score indicates the lowest level of health measured by the scales and 100 indicates the highest level of health.

Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) consists of 14 items, assesses satisfaction with a variety of life domains such as physical health, work, and social relationships. The scoring of the Q-LES-Q-SF involves summing only the first 14 items to yield a raw total score. The last two items are not included in the total score but are standalone items. The raw total score ranges from 14 to 70. Higher level of enjoyment and satisfaction with life are reflected in higher scores.

This will be done for acceptability with a target = 60%

The percentage of participants assigned to either intervention arm that complete any intervention session (target = 90%)

This will be done for acceptability with a target = 75%.

This will be done for acceptability with a target = 50%.

This will be done for acceptability with a target = 65%.