Social Media Use and Motherhood

Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-14) Measurement and Administration: The BSQ-14 is a self-reported, 14-item Likert-scale questionnaire. It measures the multi-dimensional construct of body image, specifically focusing on body shape dissatisfaction, fear of gaining weight, and self-deprecation due to physical appearance over the past four weeks.

Scoring: Each item is rated on a 6-point scale ranging from 1 ("Never") to 6 ("Always"). Total scores are calculated by summing all items, yielding a range of 14 to 84, where higher scores reflect greater body shape dissatisfaction and distress.

Definitions and Criteria: While the BSQ-14 is primarily used to evaluate the severity of body dissatisfaction along a continuum rather than as a diagnostic tool, established cutoff scores categorize the level of concern. Scores below 38 generally indicate no or mild concern, scores between 39 and 49 represent moderate concern, and scores of 50 or above indicate

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Measurement and Administration: The PSQI is a 19-item self-reported questionnaire that assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a 1-month recall period. It measures seven clinical domains: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction.

Scoring: Each of the seven component scores is rated from 0 (no difficulty) to 3 (severe difficulty). These component scores are summed to yield a single global score ranging from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality.

Definitions and Criteria: A global PSQI score greater than 5 is the established clinical cutoff used to distinguish "poor sleepers" from "good sleepers." This threshold yields high sensitivity and specificity in identifying significant sleep difficulties.

Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) Measurement and Administration: The FSFI is a 19-item, self-reported questionnaire designed to assess key dimensions of female sexual function over the past 4 weeks. It measures six specific domains: desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain.

Scoring: Individual items are scored on a Likert scale ranging from 0 or 1 to 5. The six domain scores are calculated by summing their respective items and multiplying by a specific factor weight. The final global score is obtained by adding the six weighted domain scores together, yielding a total score that ranges from 2.0 to 36.0, where lower scores indicate greater sexual dysfunction.

Definitions and Criteria: A total global score of 26.55 or less is the widely accepted clinical cutoff point to classify individuals as being at risk for sexual dysfunction.

International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF) Measurement and Administration: The IPAQ-SF is a 7-item self-reported questionnaire that assesses physical activity levels over the last 7 days. It measures the frequency (days per week) and duration (minutes per day) spent in three specific types of activity: walking, moderate-intensity activities, and vigorous-intensity activities, as well as daily sitting time.

Scoring: Physical activity is quantified by converting the reported duration and frequency into Metabolic Equivalent of Task minutes per week (MET-minutes/week). Standard MET values are assigned to each activity type (3.3 for walking, 4.0 for moderate activity, and 8.0 for vigorous activity) to calculate a total weekly physical activity score.

Definitions and Criteria: Based on the calculated MET-minutes/week and frequency of activities, participants are classified into three categorical levels of physical activity:

Low, moderate, high