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Completed

NCT Number: NCT05299684

Smartphone Addiction and Muscular Disorder

Background and aim: The use of smartphones, which has reached the level of addiction causes some physical and psychological health problems. The aim was to examine the musculoskeletal disorders of the neck and upper extremities of mobile phone addiction in a population of young adults.

Methods: The study is a cross sectional research conducted on students of a university in İstanbul between December 2018-October 2020. The level of addiction was assessed with the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Form (SAS-SF). The posture of participants was evaluated by New York Posture Rating Chart (NYPRC), mostly usage smartphone posture, forward head and myofascial trigger points were questioned according to Simon and Travel criteria. Mann-Whitney U test Pearson's chi-squared test were used for analyzing the data.

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Key information

Conditions

Myofascial Trigger Point Behavior Behavior, Addictive Compulsive Behavior Impulsive Behavior Technology Addiction

Age range

18 year–25 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

İstanbul Arel University

Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • used smartphones
  • volunteered to participate in the study.

Exclusion criteria

  • having any history of trauma at the neck region within the last six months,
  • taking any treatment for trigger points within the last 3 months
  • having a history of neck surgery.

Treatment and study plan

Evaluation

Other

The level of addiction was assessed with the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Form (SAS-SF). The posture of participants was evaluated by New York Posture Rating Chart (NYPRC), mostly usage smartphone posture, forward head and myofascial trigger points were questioned according to Simon and Travel criteria. Mann-Whitney U test Pearson's chi-squared test were used for analyzing the data.

Primary outcomes

  1. Smartphone Addiction

    Time frame: Baseline

    Smartphone Addictive Scale - Short Form (SAS - SF) that developed by Kwan et al. (2013), was used for the assessment of smartphone addiction. The cut off value of SAS-SF are 31 for men, 33 for women (6). The Turkish translated version of the SAS - SF is a reliable, consistent and valid instrument

  2. Posture

    Time frame: Baseline

    The posture of the participants was assessed by using the New York Posture Rating Chart (NYPRC). In this evaluation method, postural changes that may occur in 13 different parts of the body (head, neck, shoulder, scapula, upper thoracic, waist, rips, abdomen, hips, knees, legs, feet and toe) are observed and scored. Each body segment was scored on the scale of; 5 (correct posture), 3 (slight deviation), or 1 (pronounced deviation). Higher points show better postural alignment

  3. myofascial trigger point

    Time frame: Baseline

    The presence of myofascial trigger points were questioned by Simon and Travel's criteria in the sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius, levator scapula, rhomboid, infraspinatus and cervical extensor muscles. These criteria were -The presence of a tender spot in a taut band or nodules of skeletal muscle; -Subject recognition of pain upon palpation of a tender spot; -Subject referred pain pattern; -The presence of a local twitch response

  4. Forward head posture

    Time frame: Baseline

    Forward head postures of the participants were evaluated by measuring the tragus to wall distance with a tape measure. For forward head posture, the patients were measured in standing position, leaning against the back wall, in free posture

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Istanbul Arel University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Effect of Smartphone Addiction on the Musculoskeletal System

Important dates

Study start
2018
Primary completion
2019
Study completion
2020
First posted
Mar 29, 2022
Registry last updated
Mar 29, 2022

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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