Sleeping Healthy/Living Healthy Development

Measured using actigraphy. Measured in minutes.

Measured with actigraphy. Measured in minutes.

Measured in actigraphy. Measured in minutes.

Represented as a percentage. Sleep efficiency = (# hours slept/# hours in bed) X 100% Sleep efficiency can range from 0-100%, with higher sleep efficiency representing better sleep.

The numerator and denominator will be measured through actigraphy.

Represented as a percentage. Sleep efficiency = (# hours slept/# hours in bed) X 100% Sleep efficiency can range from 0-100%, with higher sleep efficiency representing better sleep.

The numerator and denominator will be measured through actigraphy.

Represented as a percentage. Sleep efficiency = (# hours slept/# hours in bed) X 100% Sleep efficiency can range from 0-100%, with higher sleep efficiency representing better sleep.

The numerator and denominator will be measured through actigraphy.

Number of sleep disruptions (number of times awakened) per night (mean, in past month): measured using actigraphy.

Number of sleep disruptions (number of times awakened) per night (mean, in past month): measured using actigraphy.

Number of sleep disruptions (number of times awakened) per night (mean, in past month): measured using actigraphy.

Subjective sleep quality will be measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which contains 19 self-rated questions. The 19 self-rated items are combined to form seven "component" scores, each of which has a range of 0-3 points. The component scores are summed to produce a global score (range 0 to 21). Higher scores indicate worse sleep quality.

Subjective sleep quality will be measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which contains 19 self-rated questions. The 19 self-rated items are combined to form seven "component" scores, each of which has a range of 0-3 points. The component scores are summed to produce a global score (range 0 to 21). Higher scores indicate worse sleep quality.

Subjective sleep quality will be measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which contains 19 self-rated questions. The 19 self-rated items are combined to form seven "component" scores, each of which has a range of 0-3 points. The component scores are summed to produce a global score (range 0 to 21). Higher scores indicate worse sleep quality.

Stress will be measured using Perceived Stress Scale (past month). The PSS has 10 items, completed using self-report. Individual scores on the PSS can range from 0 to 40 with higher scores indicating higher perceived stress. Scores ranging from 0-13 would be considered low stress; scores ranging from 14-26 would be considered moderate stress; scores ranging from 27-40 would be considered high perceived stress.

Stress will be measured using Perceived Stress Scale (past month). The PSS has 10 items, completed using self-report. Individual scores on the PSS can range from 0 to 40 with higher scores indicating higher perceived stress. Scores ranging from 0-13 would be considered low stress; scores ranging from 14-26 would be considered moderate stress; scores ranging from 27-40 would be considered high perceived stress.

Stress will be measured using Perceived Stress Scale (past month). The PSS has 10 items, completed using self-report. Individual scores on the PSS can range from 0 to 40 with higher scores indicating higher perceived stress. Scores ranging from 0-13 would be considered low stress; scores ranging from 14-26 would be considered moderate stress; scores ranging from 27-40 would be considered high perceived stress.

Stress will be measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Psychological Stress Experiences Ped Short Form (SF) v1.0 (past 7 days), an 8-item self report. For PROMIS instruments, a score of 50 is the average for the United States general population with a standard deviation of 10 because calibration testing was performed on a large sample of the general population. A higher PROMIS T-score represents more of the concept being measured. For the Psychological Stress Experiences, a T-score of 60 is one standard deviation (SD) worse than average.

Stress will be measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Psychological Stress Experiences Ped Short Form (SF) v1.0 (past 7 days), an 8-item self report. For PROMIS instruments, a score of 50 is the average for the United States general population with a standard deviation of 10 because calibration testing was performed on a large sample of the general population. A higher PROMIS T-score represents more of the concept being measured. For the Psychological Stress Experiences, a T-score of 60 is one standard deviation (SD) worse than average.

Stress will be measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Psychological Stress Experiences Ped Short Form (SF) v1.0 (past 7 days), an 8-item self report. For PROMIS instruments, a score of 50 is the average for the United States general population with a standard deviation of 10 because calibration testing was performed on a large sample of the general population. A higher PROMIS T-score represents more of the concept being measured. For the Psychological Stress Experiences, a T-score of 60 is one standard deviation (SD) worse than average.

Anxiety will be measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric Anxiety Short Form 8a v2.0, an 8-item questionnaire assessing self-reported fear, anxious misery, and hyperarousal. Using a five-point frequency scale, ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (almost always), adolescents indicate how frequently or infrequently they felt various dimensions of anxiety (e.g., nervous, scared, worried) in the past 7 days. PROMIS instruments are scored using item-level calibrations.

For PROMIS instruments, a T-score of 50 is the average for the United States general population with a standard deviation of 10 because calibration testing was performed on a large sample of the general population. A higher PROMIS T-score represents more of the concept being measured. For the Pediatric Anxiety, a T-score of 60 is one standard deviation (SD) worse than average.

Anxiety will be measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric Anxiety Short Form 8a v2.0, an 8-item questionnaire assessing self-reported fear, anxious misery, and hyperarousal. Using a five-point frequency scale, ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (almost always), adolescents indicate how frequently or infrequently they felt various dimensions of anxiety (e.g., nervous, scared, worried) in the past 7 days. PROMIS instruments are scored using item-level calibrations.

For PROMIS instruments, a T-score of 50 is the average for the United States general population with a standard deviation of 10 because calibration testing was performed on a large sample of the general population. A higher PROMIS T-score represents more of the concept being measured. For the Pediatric Anxiety, a T-score of 60 is one standard deviation (SD) worse than average.

Anxiety will be measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric Anxiety Short Form 8a v2.0, an 8-item questionnaire assessing self-reported fear, anxious misery, and hyperarousal. Using a five-point frequency scale, ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (almost always), adolescents indicate how frequently or infrequently they felt various dimensions of anxiety (e.g., nervous, scared, worried) in the past 7 days. PROMIS instruments are scored using item-level calibrations.

For PROMIS instruments, a T-score of 50 is the average for the United States general population with a standard deviation of 10 because calibration testing was performed on a large sample of the general population. A higher PROMIS T-score represents more of the concept being measured. For the Pediatric Anxiety, a T-score of 60 is one standard deviation (SD) worse than average.

Subjective sleep-related impairment will be measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric Sleep-Related Impairment Short Form 8a v1.0, an 8-item questionnaire focusing on self-reported perceptions of alertness, sleepiness, and tiredness during usual waking hours, and perceived functional impairments during wakefulness associated with sleep problems or impaired alertness. Adolescents rate various aspects of their sleep over the past 7 days on a 5-point frequency scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). PROMIS instruments are scored using item-level calibrations.

For PROMIS instruments, a T-score of 50 is the average for the United States general population with a standard deviation of 10. A higher PROMIS T-score represents more of the concept being measured. For the Pediatric Sleep-Related Impairment, a T-score of 60 is one standard deviation (SD)

Subjective sleep-related impairment will be measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric Sleep-Related Impairment Short Form 8a v1.0, an 8-item questionnaire focusing on self-reported perceptions of alertness, sleepiness, and tiredness during usual waking hours, and perceived functional impairments during wakefulness associated with sleep problems or impaired alertness. Adolescents rate various aspects of their sleep over the past 7 days on a 5-point frequency scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). PROMIS instruments are scored using item-level calibrations.

For PROMIS instruments, a T-score of 50 is the average for the United States general population with a standard deviation of 10. A higher PROMIS T-score represents more of the concept being measured. For the Pediatric Sleep-Related Impairment, a T-score of 60 is one standard deviation (SD) worse than average.

Subjective sleep-related impairment will be measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric Sleep-Related Impairment Short Form 8a v1.0, an 8-item questionnaire focusing on self-reported perceptions of alertness, sleepiness, and tiredness during usual waking hours, and perceived functional impairments during wakefulness associated with sleep problems or impaired alertness. Adolescents rate various aspects of their sleep over the past 7 days on a 5-point frequency scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). PROMIS instruments are scored using item-level calibrations.

For PROMIS instruments, a T-score of 50 is the average for the United States general population with a standard deviation of 10. A higher PROMIS T-score represents more of the concept being measured. For the Pediatric Sleep-Related Impairment, a T-score of 60 is one standard deviation (SD) worse than average.

Mindfulness will be measured using the MAAS-A, a self-reported 14-item questionnaire that measures the level of mindfulness, defined as "a receptive state of attention that, informed by an awareness of present experience, simply observes what is taking place." The MAAS-A is an adapted adolescent version of the validated Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), which was developed for use with adult populations and considers mindfulness to be a one-dimensional construct. Using a six-point scale, ranging from 1 (almost always) to 6 (almost never), adolescents indicate how frequently or infrequently they currently have each experience. The score is the mean of the 14 items with higher scores reflecting higher trait mindfulness.

Mindfulness will be measured using the MAAS-A, a self-reported 14-item questionnaire that measures the level of mindfulness, defined as "a receptive state of attention that, informed by an awareness of present experience, simply observes what is taking place." The MAAS-A is an adapted adolescent version of the validated Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), which was developed for use with adult populations and considers mindfulness to be a one-dimensional construct. Using a six-point scale, ranging from 1 (almost always) to 6 (almost never), adolescents indicate how frequently or infrequently they currently have each experience. The score is the mean of the 14 items with higher scores reflecting higher trait mindfulness.

Mindfulness will be measured using the MAAS-A, a self-reported 14-item questionnaire that measures the level of mindfulness, defined as "a receptive state of attention that, informed by an awareness of present experience, simply observes what is taking place." The MAAS-A is an adapted adolescent version of the validated Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), which was developed for use with adult populations and considers mindfulness to be a one-dimensional construct. Using a six-point scale, ranging from 1 (almost always) to 6 (almost never), adolescents indicate how frequently or infrequently they currently have each experience. The score is the mean of the 14 items with higher scores reflecting higher trait mindfulness.