Sleep Apnea in Type 1 Diabetes

Diagnostic protocol designed to evaluate if if sleep apnea syndrome is more frequent in type 1 diabetes than in general population and therefore deserves to be more systematically suspected and actively diagnosed in this patients. Sleep apnea syndrome is a heavy burden as a matter of quality of life: it is responsible for fatigue, diurnal sleepiness, cognitive impairment, poor and /or non restorative sleep, morning headaches, depressive mood…Adequate treatment provides a rapid and, most of the time, complete relief of these symptoms.

On an other hand, Sleep Apnea is and independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in young and middle aged subjects, also reversed by treatment. It might be therefore important for type 1 diabetic patients who have already an increased cardiovascular risk to be properly diagnosed for sleep apnea. A systematic screening for sleep apnea is already recommended for patients with type 2 diabetes by experts.

A secondary objective is to determine if the presence of a sleep apnea syndrome in type 1 diabetic patients is associated to an autonomic neuropathy, a poor glycemic control , a poorer quality of life , a poorer quality of sleep, more severe cardiovascular consequences and biological impairment.

Inclusion criteria

• 99 Type 1 diabetic patients

• man or woman aged 18 to 60 years
• diagnosed since at least a year
• having signed a consent
• with in a national insurance scheme
• and 46 healthy volunteers matched by age , gender and body mass index

• man or woman aged 18 to 60 years
• having signed a consent
• with in a national insurance scheme

Exclusion criteria

for both

• sleep apnea syndrome already known
• acute respiratory or cardiovascular disease
• impairment of consciousness
• sepsis
• cirrhosis
• hypnotic, opiate or psychotropic drug treatment 2 weeks ago
• Pregnant or breast-feeding woman
• Do not speak French
• Benefiting from a legal protective measure
• diabet 1 or 2 just for volunteers people