Skin Hydration and Facial Aging in Women Aged 30-60: An Observational Correlational Study Using Bioimpedance Analysis

Skin hydration is maintained through hyaluronic acid, natural moisturizing factor (NMF), and the lipid barrier of the stratum corneum. Dehydration activates matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) which degrade collagen and elastin, accelerating visible aging. This cross-sectional observational study will enroll 30 women in three age groups (30-40, 40-50, and 50-60 years). Hydration will be assessed using BT-Analyze across seven facial zones. The primary outcome is the Spearman rank correlation between mean hydration score and modified Glogau visual aging score (0-18 points). Covariates include age, Fitzpatrick skin type, daily water intake, menopausal status, and skincare habits.

Inclusion criteria

Female, aged 30 to 60 years Willing to attend one study visit without makeup No cosmetics applied for at least 4 hours prior to the visit Able to acclimate in controlled indoor environment for 20 minutes Signed written informed consent

Exclusion criteria

Active dermatological conditions (eczema, psoriasis, rosacea in flare) Injectable cosmetic procedures within the past 6 months Systemic medications affecting skin condition (oral retinoids, systemic corticosteroids) Pregnancy or lactation Uncontrolled systemic conditions known to significantly affect skin (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes mellitus)