Shanghai Prospective Registry Study of Ischemic Stroke

Primary outcomes

1. Patient general information

   Time frame: Upon admission

   Name, age, gender, place of residence, date of admission, name of hospital, hospital grade, TOAST classification

2. Risk factors (assessed by medical history review and clinical evaluation)

   Time frame: Upon admission

   The presence (Yes) or absence (No) of each listed risk factor will be determined for each participant through medical history review and clinical evaluation：Smoking, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, history of cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction, other heart diseases, dementia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, history of bleeding or bleeding tendency

3. Pre-illness medication history（assessed by medical history review）

   Time frame: Upon admission

   The use of the following pre-illness medication categories, as confirmed by medical history review upon admission, will be recorded as a binary outcome (Yes/No) for each participant: antihypertensive drugs, antidiabetic drugs, lipid-lowering drugs, anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs.

4. Baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) Score

   Time frame: Upon admission

   The severity of neurological deficit will be assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) upon admission. The NIHSS is a 15-item neurologic examination stroke scale with scores ranging from 0 to 42, where higher scores indicate more severe neurological deficit.

5. Pre-Stroke Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) Score

   Time frame: Prior to stroke admission (assessed upon current admission)

   Functional ability prior to stroke admission will be assessed using the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS). The mRS is a 6-point disability scale ranging from 0 (no symptoms) to 5 (severe disability), with a separate score of 6 indicating death. Higher scores indicate worse functional outcome.

6. Time Metrics from Symptom Onset to Hospital Presentation

   Time frame: Upon admission

   The following time points will be recorded to determine delays in presentation: time when the patient was last known to be at their normal neurological baseline, time of symptom onset, and time of arrival at the hospital.

7. Number of Participants Undergoing Reperfusion Therapy

   Time frame: Within 24 hours of admission

   The administration of specific reperfusion therapies during hospitalization will be recorded as a binary outcome (Yes/No) for each participant. Therapies include: intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment (mechanical thrombectomy). Determination will be made through review of medical records and procedure documentation.

8. Number of Participants With Baseline Neuroimaging Findings

   Time frame: At admission (within 24 hours of hospitalization)

   The presence of findings on baseline neuroimaging (CT or MRI) performed at admission will be recorded. This includes the presence of cerebral small vessel disease manifestations (e.g., white matter hyperintensities, lacunes) and the location and degree of large vessel occlusion/stenosis.

9. Number of Participants With Cardiac Evaluation Findings

   Time frame: Within 7 days of admission

   Results from cardiac evaluations performed during hospitalization will be recorded as binary outcomes (normal/abnormal). Assessments include: echocardiogram (cardiac ultrasound), electrocardiogram (ECG), 24-hour Holter monitoring, and bubble test (for patent foramen ovale detection).

10. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) Score at Discharge

    Time frame: Day 7 post-stroke (or at discharge if earlier)

    Functional outcome at discharge will be assessed using the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS). The mRS is a 7-point disability scale ranging from 0 (no symptoms) to 6 (death), where higher scores indicate worse functional outcome.

11. Discharge Diagnosis

    Time frame: Day 7 post-stroke (or at discharge if earlier)

    The primary diagnosis documented in the medical record at the time of hospital discharge will be recorded.

12. Length of Hospital Stay

    Time frame: Up to 30 days (from admission to discharge，this will be calculated from admission to discharge for each participant)

    The duration of hospitalization, calculated as the number of days from admission to discharge.