Sepsis and Myocarditis

Background: Sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, frequently associated with multi-organ dysfunction, including the heart. Cardiac manifestations of sepsis, such as myocardial dysfunction and arrhythmias, significantly impact outcomes, yet their long-term implications remain inadequately studied, particularly in resource-limited settings like Ethiopia.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the cardiac manifestations of sepsis and their association with disease outcomes among adult patients with sepsis at Jimma University Medical Centre of Ethiopia.

Methodology: This prospective cohort study will be conducted at JUMC over one-year period, starting from May 2025 to May 2026. The study will be done on adult patients with no prior history of cardiac problems (aged ≥18 years) diagnosed with sepsis (including bacterial meningitis), and then grouped based on the presence (Group A) or absence (Group B) of sepsis-associated cardiac manifestations. Cardiac involvement will be defined using clinical symptoms, biomarkers (troponin, BNP), or abnormal ECG and echocardiographic findings. Outcomes, including persistence of cardiac abnormalities, functional capacity and survival, will be assessed and compared among both groups after one year of follow-up. Data will be gathered using a structured checklist and analysed using updated version software. The Kaplan-Meier curve and the log-rank test will be used to describe the survival function. Independent predictors of poor outcome will be identified by Cox regression analysis, and the model assumption will be checked by Schoenfeld and Cox-Snell residuals. The 95% confidence interval of the hazard ratio with a corresponding p-value of 0.05 will be used to declare statistical significance.

Inclusion criteria

• All adult patients aged 18 years and above diagnosed with sepsis admitted to Jimma University Medical Center during the study periods that are willing to participate and continue follow-up of their disease condition for at least one year.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with any kind of pre-existing established cardiac disease prior to their sepsis diagnosis and those who are not willing to participate or not willing to have follow-up of their disease condition for at least one year.