Sensory-Motor Relationship in Unilateral CP

Primary outcomes

1. Sensory Function:Two-point discrimination

   Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation)

   Two-point discrimination is defined as the ability to distinguish between two simultaneous points of touch, which is most acute in areas of the skin with a high density of touch receptors, such as the fingers and face. The test will be performed using a discriminator device called an esthesiometer.

2. Sensory Function:Joint position sense

   Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation)

   Joint position sense is the ability to detect body segment position in space and is commonly used to represent proprioceptive performance.

3. Sensory Function:Vibration

   Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation)

   Assessment of vibration sense is the best clinical test of the dorsal column pathway. A low-frequency (128 Hz) tuning fork is applied to bony prominences and the patient (with closed eyes) is asked to report when the vibration starts and stops.

4. Sensory Function:thermal sense

   Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation)

   The volunteer's upper extremity is successively touched with tubes filled with hot and cold water, and the volunteer is asked to respond as hot or cold. Thermal sensation is recorded as 'preserved', 'impaired', or 'unable to assess'.

5. Sensory Function:Stereognosis

   Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation)

   Without visual or auditory cues, objects are placed in a sequence, and the child is asked to grasp them and identify the name of the object. Each object is awarded '1' point for being correctly identified, and '0' points for not identifying it. Scores ranging from 0 to 6 are recorded.

6. Sensory Function:Graphesthesia

   Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation)

   Six different drawings-letters, numbers, circles, and vertical lines-are made on the palm of the volunteer's hand using a blunt pencil, without any visual or auditory stimuli. Each correct drawing earns '1' point, and each incorrect drawing earns '0' points. Scores ranging from 0 to 6 are recorded.

7. Motor Function: Gross Motor Functional Classification System

   Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation)

   This classification system consists of 5 levels.

8. Motor Function: Hand Skills Classification System

   Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation)

   This classification system consists of 5 levels.

9. Motor Function: Abilhand-Kids Scale

   Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation)

   Twenty-one daily activities were evaluated. Participants were asked to rate an activity-which the child attempted to perform independently using both upper extremities-on a scale of 0-42 points.

10. Motor Function: Nine Hole Peg Test

    Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation)

    The Nine Hole Peg Test was developed to measure finger dexterity, also known as fine manual dexterity. The test consists of a wooden board with nine holes and nine small sticks designed to be inserted into those holes. The participant is asked to take the sticks from the box one by one with the hand being tested and insert them into the holes as quickly as possible; then, they must remove the sticks one by one and return them to the box.

11. Motor Function: Box and Block Test

    Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation)

    The Box and Block Test (BBT) measures unilateral gross manual dexterity. Participants are given 60 seconds to move wooden blocks by hand to the opposite compartment as quickly as possible. At the end of 60 seconds, the number of wooden blocks transferred to the opposite compartment is noted.