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Completed

NCT Number: NCT07410273

Screening of Adductor Related Symptoms in Adolescent Taekwondo Athletes

The goal of this observational study is to learn about the frequency and characteristics of adductor-related groin symptoms in adolescent Taekwondo athletes aged 12-17 years. The main questions it aims to answer are:

How common are adductor-related groin symptoms in adolescent Taekwondo athletes?

Do athletes with these symptoms show differences in hip strength, joint range of motion, or functional level compared to athletes without symptoms?

Participants will complete a brief screening about their groin pain and training habits, followed by:

Clinical tests of the hip and groin region (resisted adduction, palpation, FABER, and FADIR tests)

Strength testing of hip abductor and adductor muscles using a hand-held dynamometer

Range of motion measurements of the hip using a goniometer

A self-reported questionnaire (Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score - HAGOS) to assess daily activity and sports function

Data from this study will help identify early signs of adductor-related groin problems and guide preventive and rehabilitation strategies for young Taekwondo athletes

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Key information

Conditions

Groin Injuries Adductor Strains

Age range

12 year–17 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Izmir Democracy University

Izmir, İzmir, 35290, Turkey (Türkiye)

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Participants must meet all of the following criteria to be eligible for inclusion:

  • Aged between 12 and 17 years.
  • Registered as an active Taekwondo athlete at a Sports Club.
  • Holds a black belt level (professional) in Taekwondo.
  • Has at least 3 years of professional Taekwondo training experience.
  • Participates in training sessions at least 5 days per week.
  • Able to participate in regular training and competition without restriction.
  • Voluntarily agrees to participate and provides informed consent (and parental consent for minors).

Exclusion criteria

Participants are excluded if they meet any of the following criteria:

  • Presence of any orthopedic, neurological, or systemic condition that may affect lower limb function or limit participation in training.
  • History of lower extremity surgery (hip, knee, ankle, or foot).
  • Current or recent (within the last 6 months) acute lower extremity injury other than groin-related symptoms.
  • Refusal or inability to complete the required clinical tests or questionnaires.

Treatment and study plan

Primary outcomes

  1. Prevalence of Adductor-Related Groin Symptoms

    Time frame: at baseline

    The presence of adductor-related groin symptoms will be assessed using standardized clinical tests (resisted adduction test and adductor palpation test) based on the Doha classification framework.

    Unit of Measure: Percentage of athletes with positive test results (%)

    Purpose: To determine how common adductor-related groin symptoms are among adolescent Taekwondo athletes.

    Type: Categorical (Yes/No)

  2. Pain Intensity

    Time frame: at baseline

    Pain intensity during resisted adduction will be evaluated using a Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS; 0-10).

    Unit of Measure: Points (0-10 scale). Higher points indicates severe pain.

    Purpose: To quantify the severity of pain in athletes with adductor-related symptoms.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Isometric Hip Adductor Strength

    Time frame: at baseline

    Measured bilaterally using a hand-held dynamometer (K-Force, K-Invent) in supine position. Participants will perform maximal isometric contraction for 3 seconds with the dynamometer placed 8 cm proximal to the medial malleolus.

    Unit of Measure: Newton (N)

    Purpose: To assess isometric strength of hip adductor muscles and compare between groups.

    Type: Continuous

  2. Isometric Hip Abductor Strength

    Time frame: at baseline

    Measured using a hand-held dynamometer (K-Force, K-Invent) in supine position; dynamometer placed 8 cm proximal to the lateral malleolus.

    Unit of Measure: Newton (N)

    Purpose: To evaluate isometric abductor strength and assess potential strength imbalance with adductors.

  3. Eccentric Hip Adductor Strength

    Time frame: at baseline

    Measured bilaterally using a hand-held dynamometer in side-lying position (tested leg below). The "break test" method will be applied, and the peak eccentric force recorded.

    Unit of Measure: Newton (N)

    Purpose: To assess eccentric adductor strength, which is a key predictor of groin injury risk.

  4. Eccentric Hip Abductor Strength

    Time frame: at baseline

    Measured bilaterally using a hand-held dynamometer in side-lying position (tested leg on top). The examiner applies a downward force to induce controlled eccentric contraction.

    Unit of Measure: Newton (N)

    Purpose: To determine eccentric hip abductor strength and evaluate abductor-adductor strength balance.

  5. Hip Range of Motion (Abduction and Internal Rotation)

    Time frame: at baseline

    Abduction: Measured in supine position using a goniometer.

    Internal rotation: Measured in prone position with knee flexed to 90°.

    Unit of Measure: Degrees (°)

    Purpose: To evaluate and compare hip mobility between symptomatic and asymptomatic athletes.

  6. Functional Level (Self-Reported)

    Time frame: at baseline

    Evaluated using the Turkish validated version of the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS), which includes 6 subscales: symptoms, pain, daily living, sports/recreation, participation, and quality of life.

    Unit of Measure: Score (0-100; higher scores = better function)

    Purpose: To assess the self-reported functional impact of hip and groin symptoms.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Izmir Democracy University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Screening of Adductor-Related Symptoms and Comparison of Hip Muscle Strength, Range of Motion, and Functional Level Between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Adolescent Taekwondo Athletes

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Feb 13, 2026
Registry last updated
Feb 13, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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