Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Fx-5A in Healthy Volunteers

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides on plasma lipoproteins are major contributing risk factors. Therapeutic agents that increase High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) may be useful additions to our current treatment approaches for preventing coronary heart disease (CHD), because while existing drugs lower Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL), they do not fully prevent CHD. A potential new CHD treatment strategy has recently been described called Acute HDL Therapy, which involves weekly intravenous infusions of HDL, or HDL components (i.e. ApoA-I), or HDL mimetics into patients suffering from the acute coronary syndrome. In early stage clinical trials, a 5-week course of this therapy has been shown to rapidly reduce atherosclerotic plaques, as assessed by intravascular ultrasound. The goal of Acute HDL Therapy is to rapidly stabilize patients at significant risk for developing myocardial infarction, while concurrently starting them on conventional lipid lowering drugs and other agents already known to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction.

This clinical research project is designed to investigate the safety and pharmacological properties of a short synthetic peptide mimic of Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), referred to as the 5A peptide (or peptide 5A). This 5A peptide can potentially be used instead of recombinant apoA-I in Acute HDL Therapy and has several potential advantages over the use of recombinant apoA-I. When the 5A peptide is combined with sphingomyelin, the complex is referred to as the Fx-5A peptide-lipid complex. Fx-5A was specifically designed to remove excess cellular cholesterol via the ABCA1 transporter, which is thought to be one of the main anti-atherogenic functions of HDL. Furthermore, the peptide-lipid complex has been shown to mobilize macrophage cholesterol in animal models. Fx-5A markedly decreases the development of atherosclerotic plaque in preclinical models, such as in apoE-deficient mice, while also decreasing macrophage recruitment and foam cell formation in the rabbit collar model. Separately, animal models have shown that Fx-5A can also minimize inflammation associated with diseases like asthma, colitis and chronic kidney disease.

The current research project is designed as a Phase 1A, open-label, dose-escalation study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of a single intravenous infusion of the Fx-5A peptide-lipid complex at 4 different doses in healthy subjects. Each of the 4 dosing cohorts (2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 mg/kg) will enroll 4 subjects.

For each dosing cohort, there are three distinct phases of this study: Screening, Intervention, and Follow-Up.

• INCLUSION CRITERIA:
• 18 years of age or above
• Women of childbearing potential must be willing to use an appropriate form of birth control during the course of the study and two forms of birth control during the interventional portion of the study and up to day 7 after infusion
• Subject willing to return for all study visits, complete all study-related tasks, and agree not to participate in other research studies from screening visit to study completion
• Willingness and capacity to provide written informed consent

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnancy, planned pregnancy (within the study period), or current breastfeeding
• Subject taking any supplements or medications for at least 8 weeks prior to enrollment (with the exception of oral contraceptives).
• Known allergies or intolerances to any components of the Fx-5A peptide-lipid complex
• Known allergies or intolerances to eggs or egg components
• History of febrile illness within 5 days prior to dosing
• Hypertension (not treated or uncontrolled&)
• BMI equal to or above 30 kg/m^2
• Blood donation equal to or above 500 mL within 2 months prior to dosing.
• Treatment with an investigational drug within a month or 5 half-lives of the investigational drug, whichever is longer, prior to dosing.
• Laboratory changes (with CTCAE grade 2 or above): Abnormal levels of ALT, AST, CK, CRP, Alkaline Phosphatase, HbA1c, Urea, Creatinine, TSH, hemoglobin and hematocrit.
• Subjects with renal (eGFR<90 mL/min /1.73m^2) or liver impairment
• Subjects may also be excluded for any reason that may compromise their safety or the accuracy of research data collection.