Safety and Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Combined With Compound Betamethasone in Arthroscopic Surgery for Rotator Cuff Injury With Shoulder Adhesion: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial

Study Design: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled clinical trial conducted at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University.

Participants & Sample Size: 70 patients (35 per group) with full-thickness rotator cuff tear and concomitant shoulder adhesion scheduled for arthroscopic repair. Sample size was calculated based on an expected difference in UCLA scores with 80% power and α=0.05, accounting for a 20% dropout rate.

Interventions:

Combination Therapy Group: After standard arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and capsular release, the shoulder joint will be injected with a mixture of Liposomal Bupivacaine and Compound Betamethasone under direct visualization.

Active Control Group: After the same surgical procedure, the joint will be injected with Compound Betamethasone alone.

Outcome Measures:

Primary: UCLA Shoulder Score (assessed pre-op, 3, 6, 12 months).

Secondary: Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain (assessed at 11 time points from pre-op to 12 months), Constant-Murley Shoulder Score, active range of motion (forward flexion, abduction), MRI evaluation of tendon healing using Signal-to-Noise Quotient (SNQ) of the supraspinatus tendon (distal and proximal), and incidence of complications (infection, re-tear, thrombosis, adhesion) within 12 months.

Statistics: Data will be analyzed using SPSS. Continuous variables will be compared using t-tests or non-parametric tests as appropriate. Categorical variables will be compared using Chi-square tests. A p-value <0.05 will be considered statistically significant.

Ethics & Registration: The study protocol will be submitted for approval to the Institutional Review Board of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. It will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines. This trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Funding: Supported by the Internal Grant Program of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University.

Inclusion criteria

Age between 18 and 70 years.

Clinical and MRI diagnosis of full-thickness rotator cuff tear.

Presence of shoulder stiffness/adhesion defined as passive range of motion less than 100° in forward flexion and/or less than 10° in external rotation (or according to your specific definition).

Scheduled for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and capsular release.

Willing and able to provide written informed consent.

Willing to comply with all study procedures and follow-up visits.

Exclusion criteria

Massive, irreparable rotator cuff tear.

Severe glenohumeral osteoarthritis (Grade III or IV according to Samilson-Prieto classification).

History of shoulder infection, fracture, or previous surgery on the affected shoulder.

Known allergy or contraindication to betamethasone, local anesthetics, or components of PRP preparation.

Systemic inflammatory arthritis (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis).

Coagulation disorders or use of anticoagulants that cannot be safely suspended perioperatively.

Pregnancy or lactation.

Participation in another clinical trial within the past 3 months.

Any medical or psychiatric condition that, in the investigator's opinion, would compromise patient safety or compliance with the study protocol.