S-equol in Women With Triple Negative Breast Cancer

After a baseline breast tumor core biopsy, eligible women with triple negative breast cancer (ER- alpha, PR and HER-2 receptor negative) will be treated with S-equol at a dose of 50 mg twice daily for a period of about 14 days (10-21 day range). After completion of treatment, a second breast tumor sample will be obtained to compare molecular changes between the two specimens. The second pathology specimen may be from the surgical resection of the breast tumor, or a repeat core needle biopsy, if no further surgery is planned. The primary endpoint will be the absolute change in the Ki67, which is a validated marker of tumor proliferation in breast cancer. Secondary endpoints will include assessment of total ER-beta and pY36 levels as measured by immunohistochemical staining and their correlation with S-equol effects. Further treatment after surgical resection or second core needle biopsy of the tumor will be guided by tumor size, nodal status and other standard parameters, and is at the discretion of the treating physician. The Investigator hypothesizes that S-equol will cause a measurable decrease in Ki-67 in estrogen receptor beta expressing triple negative breast cancers, indicating its potential efficacy in this tumor type.

Inclusion criteria

• Participants must be women who are 18 years old or older.
• Ability to consent to treatment - patients or their legally authorized representative must be informed of the investigational nature of this study and must sign and give written informed consent in accordance with institutional and federal guidelines.
• Previously untreated breast cancer determined by a core needle biopsy showing invasive ductal carcinoma or invasive lobular carcinoma.
• A prior, unrelated, breast cancer is allowed.
• All stages of breast cancer are eligible.
• Estrogen receptor negative - defined as less than or equal to 5% staining by IHC.
• Progesterone receptor negative - defined as less than or equal to 5% staining by IHC.
• HER 2 negative as defined as 2+ or less using IHC or a ratio of less than 2.0 on FISH testing.
• Patient must be able to take oral medications. Patients may not have any impairment of gastrointestinal function or gastrointestinal disease that may significantly alter the absorption of the study drug.
• Patients may not be pregnant or breast feeding.
• Patients must with eligible for surgical resection of their breast cancer or repeat biopsy after completing 14 days of treatment.
• Patients must have a complete history and physical examination within 28 days prior to registration.
• Patients must have a performance status of ECOG 0, 1, 2.
• Patient may not be concurrently enrolled in another investigational drug treatment study.
• Tissue block of initial biopsy specimen is available.

Exclusion criteria

• Known hypersensitivity to S-equol or any of its excipients.
• ECOG status 3 or 4.
• As judged by the investigator, severe uncontrolled concurrent medical conditions, psychiatric illness or social condition that would limit compliance with study requirements.
• Evidence of any significant clinical disorder or laboratory finding that makes it undesirable for the subject to participant in the clinical trial.
• Any prior treatment for the current, newly diagnosed breast cancer.
• Current use of SERMS or aromatase inhibitors.
• Inflammatory breast cancer or patients with rapidly progressing metastatic breast cancer